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Dermatological manifestations of malignancies and dermatological emergencies due to malignancy
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
This includes pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), Sweet syndrome, and neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis. Bullous or atypical PG is associated with an underlying hematological malignancy (acute myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplasia, myeloproliferative disorders, and multiple myeloma) in 7% of cases; hence, workup for PG includes ruling out for these malignancies. Paraneoplastic Sweet syndrome is most commonly associated with acute myelogenous leukemia. Both can respond to systemic steroids and management of the underlying malignancy.
Hand-Foot Reactions
Published in Gabriella Fabbrocini, Mario E. Lacouture, Antonella Tosti, Dermatologic Reactions to Cancer Therapies, 2019
Mathew R. Birnbaum, Loren G. Franco, Beth N. McLellan
Although the histopathologic findings in HFS are nonspecific, they resemble the constellation of findings seen in cytotoxic reactions (2). The histological findings generally correlate to the clinical severity. The changes observed in the epidermis range from scattered necrotic keratinocytes with basal layer vacuolar degeneration to full-thickness epidermal necrosis. In the dermis, there can be papillary dermal edema and perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes and eosinophils. Eccrine squamous syringometaplasia, similar to what is seen in neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, has also been reported (3,17,22–24).
Skin
Published in Pritam S. Sahota, James A. Popp, Jerry F. Hardisty, Chirukandath Gopinath, Page R. Bouchard, Toxicologic Pathology, 2018
Zbigniew W. Wojcinski, Lydia Andrews-Jones, Daher Ibrahim Aibo, Rie Kikkawa, Robert Dunstan
Sweat gland toxicity may be caused by numerous compounds including cytostatic agents (e.g., cytarabine, bleomycin), formaldehyde, arsenic, lead, fluorine, and thallium. Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis is a selective toxicity of eccrine sweat glands caused by cytotoxic agents used in cancer chemotherapy such as cytarabine and bleomycin and is characterized by acute periductal neutrophilic inflammation and necrosis and squamous metaplasia of the eccrine duct cells (Scallan et al. 1988; Haschek et al. 2010) (Figure 21.5c).
Is neutrophilic dermatosis a manifestation of familial Mediterranean fever?
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2022
M Delplanque, S Ducharme-Bénard, P Moguelet, F Chasset, G Grateau, S Georgin-Lavialle, C Bachmeyer
Although case reports have a high sensitivity for identifying new associations of diseases, they must be interpreted with caution in the era of evidence-based medicine. In accordance with other authors, we considered that well-documented case reports could support the existence of NEND-associated FMF if they met appropriate criteria, which we have previously defined (20–22, 26, 27). A case report supporting a potential association between FMF and NEND required that both diagnoses be confirmed, and that other potential causes for NEND be excluded. We identified eight cases fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for both diseases. Unfortunately, in all these cases, at least one of the most frequent causes of ND had not been excluded based on the information available in the article. We could not find a single case in the literature fulfilling all the prerequisites to support a potential association between FMF and NEND. As a result, this association remains uncertain, such that NEND cannot be considered as a manifestation of FMF (Figure 2). Moreover, even if case reports had fulfilled all of the prerequisites, a dedicated causal study would have been required to confirm a causal relationship between FMF and NEND, given that NEND may also be idiopathic. Of note, apart from Sweet syndrome, neutrophilic panniculitis, and pyoderma gangrenosum, no other well-defined NENDs, such as subcorneal pustular dermatosis, erythema elevatum diutinum, and neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, were identified in FMF patients.