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Monographs of essential oils that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Four patients developed allergic contact dermatitis of the lips (allergic contact cheilitis) and the perioral skin from peppermint oil in a lip balm (16). One positive patch test reaction to peppermint oil, which was present in a cosmetic that had given a positive patch test or had been positive in a usage test, was seen in a 9-year period in a clinic in Belgium (5). One patient developed allergic cosmetic dermatitis which proved to be caused by peppermint oil in a skin care product (52). In a group of 39 patients with cosmetic allergy, where the causative allergen was identified with certainty or high probability, peppermint oil was the allergen in one case (46). One case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by a depilatory product from its ingredient peppermint oil has been reported (47).
Bacitracin
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
A female patient aged 28 years was treated for a tinea pedis with an ointment containing bacitracin (500 U/gr) and polymyxin B sulfate (10.000 U/gr), which resulted in contact dermatitis. Patch tests were positive to the ointment, to bacitracin and to polymyxin B sulfate, both tested at 1%, 5% and 30% pet. (36). A 27-year-old woman had recurrent lip dermatitis, to which she had applied a large number of cosmetic lip balms and topical pharmaceuticals. When patch tested, she reacted to bacitracin, an ointment containing bacitracin, and to lanolin alcohol, neomycin and tixocortol pivalate, all of which were also relevant (56).
Petrolatum: Conditioning Through Occlusion
Published in Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski, Conditioning Agents for Hair and Skin, 2020
Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski
It should be noted that the ability of petrolatum to protect and moisturize dry skin also applies to lips. This occlusive substance is probably the most commonly used ingredient in lip balms, and in some instances, petrolatum is essentially the only ingredient. Chapped lips (i.e., "dry skin") are ideal sites for petrolatum application due to both its safety as well as its skin conditioning and moisturization.
Dermatologic adverse events associated with targeted therapies for melanoma
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2022
Luigi Scarpato, Lucia Festino, Vito Vanella, Gabriele Madonna, Massimo Mastroianni, Marco Palla, Paolo Antonio Ascierto
Photosensitivity is the most reported adverse event related to BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi), ranging from 20% to 60% related to BRAF type (vemurafenib > dabrafenib > encorafenib). The cutaneous eruption usually occurs on sun-exposed areas within a few minutes of UV exposure, and generally starts 10–15 days after the drug’s assumption. The treatment could be divided in two steps. The first involves behavioral interventions, the latter consists of treatment of skin adverse events. Patients should be advised to avoid sun exposure, to wear protective clothing, and use a broad-spectrum Ultraviolet A (UVA)/Ultraviolet B (UVB) sunscreen and lip balm (Sun Protection Factor ≥ 30) when outdoors to help protect against sunburn. UVR-absorbing film can be applied to windows at home or in the car for added protection [64]. Grade 1 photosensitivity is characterized by erythema that covers a restricted body area with no additional symptoms and can be treated with an emollient cream. Grade 2 or 3 photosensitivity eruptions are characterized by blistering and painful/itching erythema that can adversely affect daily activities with skin distribution over 30% of body area. In this case, anti-histamines should be considered, topical steroids (clobetasol) or oral steroids (0,5–1 mg/Kg once daily for 5–7 days and successful tapering), to evaluate a BRAF reduction dose until Grade 1, then restart at a lower dose. Grade 4 corresponds to a life-threatening eruption such as Stevens Johnson syndrome or a toxic epidermal syndrome with diffuse painful erythema, peeling or blister formation, and mucosal involvement. The patient should immediately discontinue BRAF treatment, be admitted to hospital, and receive an infusion of intravenous fluids and electrolytes, and intravenous corticosteroids.
Treatment of acne vulgaris using 1,565 nm non-ablative fractional laser in combination with isotretinoin and pricking blood therapy
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Lin Gao, Li Wang, Kai Li, Qiang Tan, Erle Dang, Meiheng Lu, Yan Li, Wenbin Tan, Gang Wang
All patients tolerated the entire therapeutic procedures well. Patients experienced certain degrees of temporary pain with pain scores ranging from 3 to 7 points during the laser or/and PBT treatments. Patients developed some degrees of cheilitis after oral isotretinoin. The symptom disappeared after being given lip balm. The 1,565nm NAFL treatments resulted in variable degrees of transient edema, erythema, scab and hyperpigmentation, but all these temporary adverse effects disappeared within 2–14 days post-treatment. We didn’t observe any scar formation and blisters in patients after treatments.
Guidance for the pharmacological management of acne vulgaris
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2022
Isabel Cristina Valente Duarte de Sousa
Mucocutaneous and cutaneous changes, such as xeroderma, cheilitis, and blepharoconjuntivitis [146,185,199,202], are the most frequent clinical adverse effects during isotretinoin therapy [185]. These are expected, dose-dependent, usually don’t interfere with the management of the condition [192], and can usually be minimized by regular use of moisturizers, lip balms, and eye lubricants [89,146,185,202]. Of note, about 6% of patients will experience a flare-up of acne lesions early in the course of treatment [203], which should be discussed with patients.