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Looking at the Tongue
Published in K. Gupta, P. Carmichael, A. Zumla, 100 Short Cases for the MRCP, 2020
K. Gupta, P. Carmichael, A. Zumla
In anaemia due to folate or vitamin B12 deficiency the tongue tends to be smooth, pale and painful, due to atrophy of the filiform papillae. There may also be angular cheilitis. In iron deficiency anaemia the tongue is often pale and smooth; however, glossitis is less marked. Patients with anaemia due to leukaemia will have swollen gingiva and bleeding gums in addition.
The gastrointestinal system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Sharon J. White, Francis A. Carey
Candida spp. form part of the normal oral flora in about half the population. Candida albicans is the most frequent of these and causes opportunistic infection in a variety of situations, typically where the normal balance of the oral flora has changed and/or in individuals with altered immunity. Acute pseudomembranous candidosis (thrush) is characterized by white fungal plaques, which rub off, exposing underlying red mucosa. Thrush is often found in healthy infants in addition to debilitated adults. Chronic candidosis may be seen in a number of circumstances and is frequently present as denture stomatitis under an upper denture as an inflammatory reaction to fungi, which persist mainly on the fitting surface of the denture. Chronic hyperplastic candidosis is an oral potentially malignant disorder that presents as hyperkeratotic lesions found on the anterior buccal mucosa. Persistent acute and chronic oral candidal infections are a common problem in patients with HIV infection. Angular cheilitis presents at the corners of the mouth as red, cracked lesions. It is described as a Candida-associated lesion; however, co-infection with Staphylococcus aureus is common and often there are other associated contributory causes.
Linkage between denture’s conditions and oral lesions
Published in R.M. Natal Jorge, J.C. Reis Campos, Mário A.P. Vaz, Sónia M. Santos, João Manuel R.S. Tavares, Biodental Engineering IV, 2017
J. Carvalho, L. Vitorino, S. Félix, R. Campos
Angular cheilitis manifests itself in the form of bright red erythematous fissures at both angles of the mouth (Figs. 3–4) and it has been associated with intraoral fungal and bacterial infections, nutritional deficiencies and mouth breathing (Sharon & Fazel, 2010).
Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Complications and Prophylaxis Strategies
Published in Cancer Investigation, 2023
Aleksandra Śledzińska, Paulina Śledzińska, Marek Bebyn, Oskar Komisarek
Many patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis are asymptomatic. However, when symptoms do occur, patients typically report a cottony sensation in the mouth, a loss of taste, and, in some cases, pain during eating and swallowing. During a physical examination, there are two major forms of oropharyngeal candidiasis: the pseudomembranous form is the most prevalent. It manifests as white plaques on the buccal mucosa, palate, tongue, and oropharynx. The atrophic type, often known as denture stomatitis, affects the elderly who wear upper dentures. It is found under upper dentures and is characterized by erythema without plaques (89). Angular cheilitis, commonly known as angular stomatitis or perlèche, is characterized by bright red erythematous along the commissures of the mouth (90). Angular cheilitis manifests as bilateral, bright red erythematous fissures around the angles of the mouth (Figure 3) (91). Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis is rarely observed.
A 30-year follow-up study of patients with Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome shows an association to inflammatory bowel disease
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2019
Anu Haaramo, Kaija-Leena Kolho, Anne Pitkäranta, Mervi Kanerva
Over half of the patients with MRS reported some oral symptoms during their follow-up. A similar proportion of adult patients with paediatric-onset CD also reported oral symptoms [17]. In patients with MRS, aphthous ulceration and blistering were the most common oral symptoms. One-quarter of the patients reported suffering from angular cheilitis. In patients with OFG, angular cheilitis was found in half of the patients, and in patients with paediatric CD, it was the most frequently seen oral lesion, present in 15% of the patients [6,17]. However, angular cheilitis is not specific to CD or OFG, and it is also observed in otherwise healthy individuals. Other oral symptoms in patients with MRS were sporadic. Some of the patients had noticed that oral symptoms coincided with facial oedema, while others did not. Interestingly, over half of the patients who reported oral lesions had noticed that certain food substances caused or exacerbated the symptoms, and therefore avoided those substances in their diet. None of the patients reported food allergies that were formally diagnosed with a food challenge.