China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Lumps and Bumps
Published in Kaji Sritharan, Samia Ijaz, Neil Russell, Tim Allen-Mersh, 300 Essentials SBAs in Surgery, 2017
Kaji Sritharan, Samia Ijaz, Neil Russell, Tim Allen-Mersh
Hidradenitis suppurativa classically presents as swollen, painful, erythematous lesions; the skin may be thickened following recurrent infections, and the presence of sinus tracts is diagnostic. Hidradenitis suppurativa typically occurs in the axillae and groin, but it can occur in any part of the body that contains apocrine glands. It is thought to be caused by occlusion of the hair follicles, which subsequently leads to occlusion of the apocrine glands and causes a perifolliculitis. The incidence is greater in females, and it does not present before puberty. It is associated with perspiration, obesity, cigarette smoking and stress. Nodules will heal slowly, with or without drainage. Erysipelas is a skin infection typically caused by group A β-haemolytic streptococci; features include erythema and induration, and lesions have a well-demarcated border, which sets it apart. Sebaceous cysts are typically solitary. Lymphadenitis (inflammation and/or enlargement of a lymph node) more often occurs in children due to infection (mostly viral); a single node or a localised group of lymph nodes may be enlarged, and lumps are typically well circumscribed and rubbery. Cystic hygromas are congenital lesions that present at birth/early infancy within the head and neck, not axillae.
Rifampicin (Rifampin)
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
C. Alan, C. Street, Tony M. Korman
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory dermatological condition characterized by nodules, suppuration, sinus formation, and development of scarring, usually in the axillae and groins. The role of infection is uncertain. Although never the subject of a randomized controlled trial, combination treatment with rifampicin and clindamycin, usually given for 10 weeks (in addition to non-antibiotic treatments such as retinoids and anti-inflammatory agents) results in resolution or clinical improvement in a majority of patients (Gener et al., 2009) and is recommended as treatment in reviews of this condition (Rambhatla et al., 2012; Deckers and Prens, 2016). Other primary skin conditions for which the use of rifampicin (usually in combination with another agent or agents) has been reported include psoriasis (Tsankov and Grozdev, 2011), granuloma annulare (Marcus et al., 2009), and folliculitis decalvans, a rare form of alopecia (Bunagan et al., 2015).
Vulvar edema diagnosis
Published in Miranda A. Farage, Howard I. Maibach, The Vulva, 2017
Katherine Gilmore, Jane Hussey
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by hair follicle obstruction. It may be associated with frequent episodes of inflammation of the apocrine glands, acute edema, and secondary infection. It can cause painful lesions or abscesses in the axillae, groin, vulva, or anal regions, and these areas should be carefully examined to support a diagnosis and to instigate a referral to dermatology for treatment (60).
Double trouble: a case of bilateral multiple epidermal inclusion cysts after reduction mammaplasty
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2023
Khairun Izlinda Abdul Jalil, David Herlihy, Edward Jason Kelly
Previous history of trauma or surgery to the breast (such as needle biopsy, excision, reduction mammaplasty and breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi) has been reported to be associated with this benign tumor [4–6,10,11]. It is postulated to be caused by epidermis, either that has been left when de-epithelializing the skin, or implanted within the breast tissue, which was then buried. In a mammaplasty procedure, the nipple areolar complex is repositioned along with a vascularized tissue pedicle, requiring in folding of the tissue. Small fragments of epidermis may possibly remain and later result in the development of epidermal inclusion cysts on the medial or lateral skin flaps along the inframammary incision line [3,10,11]. Although breast EIC after mammaplasty have been described, nonetheless, all cases have been unilateral [3,6,11,12]. This is the first case report where EIC presented bilaterally. The patient had a diagnosis of mild hidradenitis suppurativa and it is not clear if this contributed to her presentation [18]. She has no other history of epidermal inclusion cyst in any other location, dental anomalies, gastrointestinal symptoms or family history of colon cancer, making association with Gardner’s Syndrome unlikely [19].
Hidradenitis suppurativa for the nondermatology clinician
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Kavina Patel, Lucy Liu, Benjamin Ahn, Annika S. Silfvast-Kaiser, So Yeon Paek
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition presenting as painful, inflamed nodules or abscesses in apocrine gland-bearing areas such as the axillae, groin, and inframammary regions. It can progress to form deeper abscesses, fistulae, sinus tracts, and extensive scarring which cause pain, drainage, and limited range of motion. Typically, onset is postpubertal, between ages 30 and 40, with an estimated prevalence of 1% to 4% worldwide. HS is more common in women, African Americans, and patients of lower socioeconomic status.1 One-third of patients with HS report a positive family history. Risk factors include tobacco use and obesity. Associated conditions include polycystic ovarian syndrome, metabolic syndrome, severe acne, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, thyroid disease, and arthropathy, among others.1 HS patients show increased rates of social isolation, depression, anxiety, and suicide.2 The exact pathogenesis of HS remains to be elucidated. This review aims to summarize HS classification systems and synthesize the most recent treatment guidelines for HS.
Intense pulsed light treatment for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: beware treatment with resorcinol
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
P. Theut Riis, D. M. Saunte, V. Sigsgaard, C. Wilken, G. B. E. Jemec
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) develops in the hair follicle. Histological studies suggest that hyperkeratosis is an early event in the pathogenesis of HS (1). Intense pulsed light therapy (IPL) has been applied for HS in a few trials, and the results suggest that it may provide an effective alternative to other treatments in mild-to-moderate disease (2,3). The mechanism of action for IPL treatment in HS is thought to be the removal of the obstruction in the hair follicle, that is, the hair, or the entire hair follicle itself (2). IPL is a broad spectrum pulsed light source, employing a range of wavelengths to deposit heat in chromophore-containing tissue, that is, the melanin of the hair (4). To the best of our knowledge, no follow-up data from routinely treated patients are available.