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Acne, rosacea, and similar disorders
Published in Rashmi Sarkar, Anupam Das, Sumit Sethi, Concise Dermatology, 2021
Chloracne is an extremely severe form of industrial acne caused due to exposure to complex chlorinated naphthalenic compounds and dioxin. Typically, numerous large cystic-type lesions occur in this form of industrial-acne-causing massive cosmetic disability.
The Environmental and Health Impacts of Chemical Spraying: Can Law Protect Victims? The Case of Agent Orange
Published in Stefania Negri, Environmental Health in International and EU Law, 2019
Anne Dang-Xuan Nguyen, Amandine Orsini
In the KAOVA v Monsanto et al. trial, chloracne was perceived by the court as a direct result of dioxin-TCDD exposition as demonstrated by several scientific studies.14 Scientifically-evidenced harm of chemical products is likely to be accounted for, although this success is to be nuanced: a positive relation between chloracne and AO has been recognized by courts only after the results of dioxin trials. Moreover, this link is not necessarily straightforward:15 after more than 30 years of trials, only a minority of plaintiffs could convincingly attest of one precise affliction in front of a lawcourt and be compensated. Meanwhile, the harm done by dioxin exposure may appear years after exposure, thus complicating the provision of evidence regarding physical harm.
Acne, rosacea and similar disorders
Published in Ronald Marks, Richard Motley, Common Skin Diseases, 2019
Chloracne is an extremely severe form of industrial acne due to exposure to complex chlorinated naphthalenic compounds and dioxin. Epidemics have occurred after industrial accidents, such as occurred in Bhopal in India, in which the population around the factory was affected. The compounds responsible are extremely potent, and lesions continue to develop for months after exposure. Typically, numerous large, cystic-type lesions occur in this form of industrial acne causing massive cosmetic disability. It is worth noting that it is thought that the Ukrainian President (Viktor Yushchenko) was poisoned by dioxin, causing a dramatic change in appearance.
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation: From Coal to Dioxin
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
Abigail Cline, Steven R. Feldman
Therapeutic use of AHR agonists may be controversial because toxic effects of dioxin (one of which is chloracne) are also mediated by AHR activation (11,12). However, AHR activation itself may not lead to toxic effects as several studies report diverse downstream effects by different exogenous and endogenous ligands. Several prescription medications (e.g., leflunomide, prednisolone, omeprazole) also activate AHRs, although AHR activation is not their primary mechanism of action (13). These compounds are not associated with dioxin-related adverse events. Thus, although endogenous ligands, some marketed compounds, and dioxin share AHR as a target, their effects differ (14). Topical tapinarof appears to have a good safety profile, though folliculitis was observed, perhaps echoing concerns about chloracne.