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Introduction to Bio-Implants
Published in S Santhosh Kumar, Somashekhar S. Hiremath, Role of Surface Modification on Bacterial Adhesion of Bio-Implant Materials, 2020
S Santhosh Kumar, Somashekhar S. Hiremath
Metals: Titanium and its alloys are the metals of choice for dental and orthopaedic implants. Some of the commonly used metals are stainless steel, titanium and titanium alloys, gold, cobalt-chromium alloys, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, and so on.
Safeguarding Musculoskeletal Structures from Food Technology’s Untoward Metabolic Effects
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
Once the immune system becomes sensitized to a metal, only a minute amount that penetrates the immune system barriers can trigger a significant inflammatory response. Could titanium-containing nanoparticles found in food and cosmetics be contributing to hypersensitivity reactions to titanium alloy dental and orthopedic implants? The answer is unknown. However, abductive reasoning and the Socratic method lead to “Yes.”
Biomaterials
Published in Manoj Ramachandran, Tom Nunn, Basic Orthopaedic Sciences, 2018
Subhamoy Chatterjee, John Stammers, Gordon Blunn
Titanium has an elastic modulus of 110 GPa and femoral stems do not suffer from stress shielding as much as stainless steel and cobalt chrome. As a result, titanium alloys are suited to intramedullary devices and uncemented femoral stems. Due to its relative softness, titanium is susceptible to particle-induced wear. As a result, titanium without further processing is not used as an articulating surface and certain cemented titanium stems have had high failure rates (e.g. 3M Capital hip).
Suspected allergy to titanium after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using a Zero-P device: a case report
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2023
Changgui Shi, Yanhai Xi, Bin Sun, Hailong He, Jiankun Wen, Yushan Ruan, Xiaojian Ye
Many of the metals in surgical implants are potentially immunogenic and allergic reactions to them have been reported.1,2 Hypersensitivity to orthopedic implants has been the commonest.3 In orthopedics surgery, titanium is commonly used. It is highly resistant to corrosion due to the formation of a thermodynamically stable and adherent oxide layer on its surface.4,5 Therefore, titanium may provoke a few allergic reactions.6,7 For patients with metal sensitivity, titanium has been particularly recommended.5 Nonetheless, titanium implants are typically made of titanium alloy, which contains traces of other metals. Theoretically, allergy to titanium might still occur.8
Analytical review on the biocompatibility of surface-treated Ti-alloys for joint replacement applications
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Titanium alloy has become increasingly popular in the biomedical field as the demand for bone implant therapy grows. On the other hand, titanium alloy implants’ biological inertia can readily stymie various possible applications. Contact with tissue or cells is crucial for implant devices’ success. Therefore, surface modification is often performed after material selection and alloy preparation; this enhances the implant’s mechanical properties, cellular bioactivities, and Osseo conductivity. Titanium-backed alloys have excellent mechanical characteristics, although they can easily affect the environment and complicate the exposed surface of titanium-based implants. Subsequently, due to mechanical or biological activities, it is required to reduce the ratio of titanium alloy failures by increasing the reliability of Ti-based implants is necessary. For medical applications, Titanium alloy must be compatible with cell or tissue surfaces. The surface modification methods are the topic of this review [79–91] (Figure 7).
Intervention of 3D printing in health care: transformation for sustainable development
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2021
Sujit Kumar Debnath, Monalisha Debnath, Rohit Srivastava, Abdelwahab Omri
Immediate release polymers like Kollidon VA64 and Kollidon 12PF were found to be suitable for low-temperature FDM printing. Polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) are thermoplastic materials and are frequently used in FDM machines [42]. Newer thermoplastics such as polyether ether ketone and polyetherimide are also explored in FDM printing [43]. 3D printing scaffolds has been extensively explored in bone tissue engineering. Ceramics materials like hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), α-TCP, biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP), bioactive glasses, etc. are used extensively in the preparation of 3D-printed scaffolds. However, these materials often fail to produce sufficient mechanical strength to the bone. Therefore, bio-ceramics are blended with lactose, polycaprolactone (PCL), or poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Titanium alloys are extensively used in many fields including medical implants due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, and is biocompatible. Most of the EBM research in the biomedical field has been carried out with CP-Ti and Ti-6Al-4 V. But, these materials have some lacuna. CP-TI scaffold did not show adequate mechanical properties, whereas Ti-AL-4 V is not biocompatible [44].