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Set Recovery Goals
Published in Sandra Rasmussen, Developing Competencies for Recovery, 2023
People with addiction usually have one or more associated health issues, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and C, lung disease, and mental disorders. Tobacco smoke causes many cancers, methamphetamine causes severe dental problems known as meth mouth, and opioids lead to overdose and death. Drug use also increases the risk of contracting infections. HIV and hepatitis C occur from sharing injection equipment or from unsafe practices such as condom-less sex. Infection of the heart and its valves (endocarditis) and skin infection (cellulitis) occur after exposure to bacteria by injection drug users.
Substance Use Disorders
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
The alpha- and beta-adrenergic properties of amphetamines are responsible for the cardiovascular effects of amphetamines. Release of serotonin is responsible for some of the hallucinogenic effects of amphetamines [155]. Amphetamine use can damage brain structures including the grey matter, temporal lobe, and basal ganglia. Methamphetamine abuse can cause toxic hepatitis, which presents similarly to acute viral hepatitis. Consequences of long-term methamphetamine use include anxiety, confusion, insomnia, memory loss, weight loss, dental problems (“meth mouth”), depression, violence, paranoia, hallucinations, and formication [156]. Symptoms of amphetamine and synthetic cathinone withdrawal are mild and not life-threatening (e.g., depression, insomnia) but some users have reported symptoms of psychological dependence (e.g., drug cravings) weeks after discontinuation.
Amphetamines, Cathinones (Bath Salts), and Cocaine
Published in Darrell L. Ross, Gary M. Vilke, Guidelines for Investigating Officer-Involved Shootings, Arrest-Related Deaths, and Deaths in Custody, 2018
Stephen L. Thornton, Michael A. Darracq, Binh T. Ly
Chronic, frequent use of amphetamines and cathinones leads to multiple adverse effects. This is best described with chronic methamphetamine use. Severe dental caries, so referred to as “meth mouth,” result from the dry mouth and constant teeth grinding (Curtis, 2006). Chronic and potentially deadly heart and lung problems may also occur (Schaiberger et al., 1993; Won et al., 2013). Multiple permanent psychiatric problems, including psychosis, are attributed to chronic methamphetamine use (Rusyniak, 2013).
Vaccine development against methamphetamine drug addiction
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2020
Md Kamal Hossain, Majid Hassanzadeganroudsari, Kulmira Nurgali, Vasso Apostolopoulos
Methamphetamine addiction is a complex and dynamic public health issue affecting approximately 24 million users globally [1]. Over sixty percent of the global METH users are located in South East Asia and Oceania [1]. In the United States, approximately 1.6 million people have used METH [2] and in Australia, 280,000 people have used METH in the past year [3]. Long-term abuse of METH is associated with numerous health risks which include addiction, violent behavior, paranoia, risk of contracting HIV and hepatitis, severe ‘METH mouth’, and intense itching and skin sores from scratching [4]. In the case of discontinuation of METH use, withdrawal symptoms include intense drug cravings, severe depression, anxiety, fatigue, and psychosis. METH use can also cause significant social problems including domestic and social violence, crime, homelessness, unemployment, and imprisonment [5].