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Eating Disorders
Published in Cathy Laver-Bradbury, Margaret J.J. Thompson, Christopher Gale, Christine M. Hooper, Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2021
Children and young people with an eating disorder may present with faltering growth or delayed puberty. Presentations to health workers, such as the GP, may include menstrual disturbances, although this will be masked if they are on hormonal treatments, such as the contraceptive pill. Unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms are common. Dentists may see dental erosion in bulimia nervosa.
An A to Z of conditions that affect eating and weight in younger children
Published in Rachel Pryke, Joe Harvey, Annabel Karmel, Weight Matters for Children, 2018
Rachel Pryke, Joe Harvey, Annabel Karmel
Eating lots of acidic foods causes further damage in a slightly different way, by causing dental erosion. This is where the hard enamel surface of the teeth is thinned or worn away, leaving teeth that feel sensitive to hot and cold and are at greater risk of decay.
Aging and Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities
Published in K. Rao Poduri, Geriatric Rehabilitation, 2017
The above accumulation of life-course challenges also increases the risk for swallowing disorders as well as gastrointestinal (GI) problems, including dysphagia, reflux, anemia, eating disorders, and aspiration.2,4 The GI problems can also cause oral health problems, including dental erosion of existing teeth. Bowel and bladder function can be reduced causing increased infections, urinary retention, and constipation. As with any adult with IDD, a differential diagnosis should be conducted on the adult to determine possible causes for the symptoms and decline observed.2,20
Dental erosive wear in primary teeth among five-year-olds – Bergen, Norway
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2021
Britt Nygard Tvilde, Jorma I. Virtanen, Athanasia Bletsa, Anne Marit Graue, Anne B. Skaare, Marit Slåttelid Skeie
The collective term ‘erosive tooth wear’ is defined as ‘a chemical-mechanical process resulting in a cumulative loss of hard dental tissue not caused by bacteria’ [1]. Among children and adolescents in developed countries, this type of tooth structure loss has become a common dental condition and a source of concern. Making an acceptable diagnosis can be challenging, especially in primary teeth. Distinguishing dental erosion from mechanical forces such as attrition and abrasion is difficult. One reason for this is that erosive tissue loss may also account for physiological tooth wear [2]. Acid exposure in the dental erosion process can soften the enamel surface, thereby exacerbating the physical wear process. This process may be faster in the primary dentition due to thinner enamel and lower mineralization levels than in permanent teeth [3].
Erosive potential of soy-based beverages on dental enamel
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2019
Elis Janaína Lira Dos Santos, Ingrid Andrade Meira, Emerson Tavares De Sousa, Bennett Tochukwu Amaechi, Fábio Correia Sampaio, Andressa Feitosa Bezerra De Oliveira
Dental erosion is defined as the irreversible dissolution of tooth tissue minerals by acids of non-bacterial origin, which is usually progressive and may compromise both enamel and root surfaces [1]. From a biochemical point of view, this dissolution is explained by frequent episodes of exposure to intrinsic or extrinsic acids, which promotes the exchange of solid components of hydroxyapatite (Ca2+, PO4 3– and OH– ions). The rate of dissolution as well as the ion activity product of hard dental tissues, depends on many factors as type of substrate (enamel, dentin, cementum), time of exposure (transversal and longitudinal consumption), chemical composition (level of saturation), presence of inhibitors (fluoride calcium, phosphate, magnesium, pyrophosphate, statherin), pH and buffering capacity of the solution, temperature and flow rate (method of consumption) [2,3]. Besides, the chemical dissolution on the tooth surface promotes a softened layer that is more susceptive to the mechanical wear (mainly attrition and abrasion).
Mixed aerobic-anaerobic incubation conditions induce proteolytic activity from in vitro salivary biofilms
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2019
Leanne M Cleaver, Rebecca Moazzez, Guy H Carpenter
The functionality of saliva depends on proteins. It is well known that bacteria produce proteases that can lead to reduced salivary protein function. Saliva contains over a thousand different proteins, but the most abundant includes α-amylase, cystatin, histatin, statherin, proline-rich proteins and mucin. One example of their importance is the protection of teeth from dietary acidity. Almost immediately after brushing, the proteins present in saliva form a conditioning film upon the tooth surface [1], known as the acquired enamel pellicle. The acquired enamel pellicle has been shown to provide a level of protection against dental erosion by inhibiting dietary acids from coming into contact with and demineralising the enamel. Moazzez and colleagues [2,3] showed that enamel pellicle has an influence on the effects of acid erosion on the tooth surface by comparing participants with dental erosion, healthy controls, and samples with no enamel pellicle. Healthy controls had increased microhardness and decreased roughness of the enamel compared to erosion patient samples and samples that lacked an enamel pellicle.