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Epidemiology: The Methods and their Utilization
Published in Lars Granath, William D. McHugh, Systematized Prevention of Oral Disease: Theory and Practice, 2019
Dennis H. Leverett, Aubrey Sheiham
The effectiveness of other modes of fluoride therapy, such as dentrifrices, professional topical application, fluoride mouthrinses and tablets, and self-applied gels, have all been demonstrated by carefully controlled and widely replicated clinical trials.13
Therapies
Published in Marc H. De Baets, Hans J.G.H. Oosterhuis, Myasthenia Gravis, 2019
In order to minimize steroid-induced osteoporosis, the single most effective measure is reduction of dosage or, if possible, complete discontinuation of the glucocorticoid. All patients should be given calcium supplements. The 24-hour urine calcium output should be measured after 1 to 3 months of glucocorticosteroid therapy and oral calcium (0.5 to 1.0 g per day) and possibly vitamin D (500 units or more per day) should be given based on the level of urinary calcium excretion. Postmenopausal women should be given estrogens. Recently, the biphosphonate agents have been shown to be helpful for the treatment and prevention of steroid-induced osteoporosis.20,21 Sodium fluoride is not recommended for the treatment of osteoporosis, because fluoride therapy increases cancellous but decreases cortical bone mineral density and increases skeletal fragility.22
The presentation and management of physical disease in older people
Published in David Beales, Michael Denham, Alistair Tulloch, Community Care of Older People, 2018
In the peri-menopausal period, dietary supplementation of calcium and hormone replacement therapy are standard treatment. Fluoride therapy has recently been shown to reduce fracture rates as well as increase bone mass (there had previously been some doubt about this because of the toxic effects of fluoride in higher doses). Bisphosphonates can reduce the fracture rate in all cases.
A program review of a community-based oral health care program for socially vulnerable and underserved citizens in Denmark
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2019
B. Hede, H. Thiesen, L. B. Christensen
All treatments and preventive services of the program were delivered by the dental service staff of the local municipality. The programs in the two municipalities comprised identical elements, and the primary goal was to restore the dentition to a functional and socially acceptable level. This was done by means of ‘low cost treatment services’ such as conventional filling therapy, endodontic and periodontal treatment (no surgery), tooth extractions and rehabilitation by means of removable prosthetics. Furthermore, preventive services such as instruction in oral hygiene and fluoride therapy as well as treatment under general anaesthesia were included in the scope of treatments. Through collaboration between the dental staff and the social workers, considerable efforts were made to support the participants in keeping their dental appointments and to complete the course of their dental treatment plan.
Effectiveness of dental visual aids in behavior management of children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review
Published in Children's Health Care, 2021
Ala Aljubour, Medhat A. AbdElBaki, Omar El Meligy, Basma Al Jabri, Heba Sabbagh
In the second study (Nilchian et al., 2017); the measured variable was the cooperation of the children during the different dental appointment steps; results showed a statistically significant increase in the cooperation of the children in both groups with repeating the dental appointments. Cooperation increased both groups for the following three steps of the dental visits (enter the office and sit in the dental chair, open your mouth, show your teeth for examination with mirror) where (P ≤ 0.001). Moreover, in the results, it was found that the cooperation increased during the fluoride therapy step in the study group where visual pedagogy was used, where (P ≤ 0.001) while the cooperation did not change in the control group, where (P = .41).