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An Introduction to Bioactivity via Restorative Dental Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Mary Anne S. Melo, Ashley Reid, Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
In this review, the enamel matrix derivative is the only bioactive material that did not induce any significant improvement in any of the parameters of the periodontal treatment. Another growth factors that are used in the periodontal treatment are bone morphogenetic proteins. These proteins belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) family that involves 20 proteins. The two most common proteins in this family are recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-12 and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2, which are used mainly in the treatment of alveolar bone defects (Wikesjö et al. 2004, 2003). Certain limitations are reported with growth factors related to their susceptibility to degradation and dilution prior to the induction of the required regeneration. Therefore, the need for scaffolds is necessary to control the delivery and release of such growth factors (Babensee et al. 2000; Anusaksathien and Giannobile 2002).
Gingiva and Periodontal Tissue Regeneration
Published in Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez, Current Advances in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, 2020
Avita Rath, Preena Sidhu, Priyadarshini Hesarghatta Ramamurthy, Bennete Aloysius Fernandesv, Swapnil Shankargouda, Sultan Orner Sheriff
The rationale for the application of growth factors to the periodontal defect is based on their ability to influence critical cellular functions such as proliferation, migration and differentiation. However, their use is not widespread in periodontal regenerative medicine, due to problems with dosage, rapid metabolic clearance, appropriate delivery and carrier systems and cost (Trombelli and Farina 2008). The most widely studied biologically active material that has been in widespread clinical use is enamel matrix derivative. Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD), Enamel Matrix Proteins (EMPs) are secreted by ameloblasts and play a role in the regulation and growth of hydroxyapatite crystals that comprise enamel (Hammarström 1997).
3D analysis of the clinical results of VISTA technique combined with connective tissue graft
Published in J. Belinha, R.M. Natal Jorge, J.C. Reis Campos, Mário A.P. Vaz, João Manuel, R.S. Tavares, Biodental Engineering V, 2019
D.S. Martins, L. Azevedo, N. Santos, T. Marques, C. Alves, A. Correia
Aroca, S. et al. (2010), in a randomized-clinical trial, evaluated whether a modified tunnel technique with a connective tissue graft, combined with enamel matrix derivative (test group), improve the treatment of multiple class III gingival recessions when compared with the same technique alone (control group). At baseline, in control group, mean gingival recession was 3,2 ± 1,4 mm and, after 1 year follow up, the mean gingival recession residual was 0,6 ± 0,9 mm, which corresponds to a mean gingival recession reduction of 2,6 ± 0,5 mm. They observed that, in control group, the mean root coverage was 83 ± 26% and the complete root coverage was 40%, from baseline to 1 year post-surgery. (Aroca, Molnar et al. 2013).
Enamel matrix derivative does not affect osteoclast formation or bone resorption in cultures of mouse bone marrow macrophages or human monocytes
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2022
Susanne Lindquist, Catrine Isehed, Anita Lie, Pernilla Lundberg
Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) is a protein extract of porcine foetal tooth buds, which is widely used in periodontal regenerative surgery as adjunctive therapy to promote wound healing and accelerate new periodontal tissue formation [1,2]. The rationale for EMD uses in periodontal therapy is that it will help to create a regenerative environment mimicking the tooth developmental environment [3]. Numerous clinical studies verify that EMD applied to the root surfaces induces tooth cementum and ligament formation, increases alveolar bone, enhances the probing attachment level and improves pocket depth reduction [2,4]. The osteopromotive potential of EMD has also been demonstrated in various animal models [5–9].
Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain) in treatment of replanted teeth – a systematic review
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2019
Roshan Noor Mohamed, Sakeenabi Basha, Yousef Al-Thomali, Enas Tawfik Enan
Avulsion of tooth is a complex form of traumatic dental injury affecting alveolar bone, cementum layer, periodontal ligament (PDL), and pulp [1]. The usual sequel with regard to pulpal necrosis, a timely endodontic treatment is usually required to prevent or inhibit pulpal infection [1]. The development of inflammatory or replacement resorption is directly related to the vitality of the PDL, the length of extra-alveolar time, the type of storage (wet or dry), kind of storage media, and the pre-treatment of teeth prior to replantation [1,2]. In the mid-1980s, an important discovery revealed that enamel-related proteins mediate the formation of acellular cementum on the root of the developing tooth providing a foundation for all necessary tissues associated with functional periodontal attachment [3]. Based on this observation, an enamel product named Emdogain has been developed. It is a commercial enamel matrix derivative which is extracted from developing embryonal enamel of porcine origin and contains several matrix proteins from the amelogenin family [3]. The influence of Emdogain on periodontal ligament cells according to several studies is by its effect on migration, attachment, proliferative capacity, and biosynthetic activity [3–8]. It is recommended as therapeutic agent for managing avulsed permanent teeth due to its effectiveness in improving the healing process of implanted teeth [4,9–14]. But few studies gave conflicting results regarding the role of Emdogain in healing of replanted avulsed teeth [15,16]. When we searched for the literature we came across a systematic review of animal studies conducted to analyze the impact of Emdogain on healing of replanted or transplanted teeth [17]. No systematic reviews have been conducted regarding human studies. The present systematic review is conducted to analyze the efficacy of Emdogain in healing of replanted or transplanted teeth in humans.