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Phytoextracts and Their Derivatives Affecting Neurotransmission Relevant to Alzheimer’s Disease
Published in Akula Ramakrishna, Victoria V. Roshchina, Neurotransmitters in Plants, 2018
Root extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Family: Lamiaceae) showed AChE inhibitory effect due to the presence of diterpenes, tanshinones, and cryptotanshinones [Figure 21.3 (xix and xxx)] with IC50 = 1.0 and 7.0 µM, respectively (Gulacti and Tuba, 2014).
Inhibiting the Absorption of Dietary Carbohydrates and Fats with Natural Products
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
Isosalvianolic acid C methyl ester, tanshinone IIA, rosmarinate acid, rosmarinic acid methyl ester, salvianolic acid A methyl ester, salvianolic acid C methyl ester isolated from Salvia miltiorrhizaBunge inhibited α-glucosidase activity with IC50 value of 111.9 × 10−3 μM, 230.2 × 10−3 μM, 224.1 × 10−3 μM, 142.6 × 10−3 μM, 180.6 × 10−3 μM, and 42.1 × 10−3 μM, respectively (acarbose: IC50 of 5832.4 × 10−3 μM).220
Examples of single Chinese and botanical medicines derived from TCM
Published in Raymond Cooper, Chun-Tao Che, Daniel Kam-Wah Mok, Charmaine Wing-Yee Tsang, Chinese and Botanical Medicines, 2017
Raymond Cooper, Chun-Tao Che, Daniel Kam-Wah Mok, Charmaine Wing-Yee Tsang
Salvia miltiorrhiza (also known as red sage, Chinese sage, tanshen, or danshen, is a perennial plant in the genus Salvia highly valued for its roots in TCM. Native to China and Japan, it grows at an elevation of 90—1,200 m (300–3,900 ft.), preferring grassy places in forests, hillsides, and along stream banks. The specific epithet miltiorrhizameans “red juice extracted from a root.” Salvia miltiorrhiza has been widely used in China and, to a lesser extent, in Japan, the United States, and European countries for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In China, the specific clinical use is angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia, and acute ischemic stroke.
Improved transdermal permeability of tanshinone IIA from cataplasms by loading onto nanocrystals and porous silica
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Xiangshuai Gu, Jueshuo Guo, Yaping Mai, Yang Niu, Jing Chen, Qipeng Zhao, Jianhong Yang
Salvia miltiorrhiza is a traditional oriental medicine which contains a variety of active ingredients of tanshinones used for transdermal drug delivery (Wang et al. 2016; Yu et al. 2016). Tanshinone IIA is a lipophilic diterpenoid quinone which has a wide array of pharmacological effects, such as enhancing coronary circulation to prevent myocardial ischemia and infarction (Yu et al. 2014). It is also important in the treatment of some skin diseases because of its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Yifan Li et al. had demonstrated that tanshinone IIA can suppress P.acnes-induced inflammation by blockade of TLR2/NF-κB signaling pathway (Li and Zhou 2018). Tanshinone IIA is a promising candidate for transdermal delivery because of its appropriate physicochemical properties, such as low molecular weight (294 Da), high lipophilicity and low daily dose. However, its extremely low aqueous solubility limits its permeation into the active epidermis (Kouchak et al. 2014; Wu et al. 2018). Suitable dosage forms and carrier-based delivery of tanshinone IIA could have a significant effect on skin permeation, absorption and, consequently, its therapeutic efficacy.
Effects of 27 natural products on drug metabolism genes in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) cell line
Published in Xenobiotica, 2020
Zhenyue Wang, Yongtao Liu, Xiaohui Ai, Liqiao Zhong, Gang Han, Jinlong Song, Qiuhong Yang, Jing Dong
A number of natural products are known to regulate DMEs related genes via PXR pathway. For example, previous study indicated that hypericin could activate PXR and increased the transcription of its target gene CYP3A4, thereby reducing the plasma concentration of the active metabolite Sn-38 of irinotecan and reducing its efficacy (Mathijssen et al., 2002). The alcohol extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Crytotanshinone and Tanshinone II A) activated PXR and increased the expression of CYP3A4 mRNA in HepG2 and LS174T cells (Yu et al., 2009). In vivo experiments showed that Salvia miltiorrhiza extract also increased the expression of CYP3A4 protein in the hepatic microsome (Kuo et al., 2010). Flavonoids such as luteolin and apigenin activated PXR-mediated CYP3A4 expression (Wu et al., 2010). In addition, baicalein up-regulated the expression of CYP3A4 and MDR1 genes by activating PXR and constitutive androstane receptor (Li et al., 2010).
Protective effect of tanshinone IIA on H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury in rat cardiomyocytes by activating Nrf2 pathway
Published in Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction, 2020
Guang Yang, Fang Wang, Yan Wang, Xiaojing Yu, Shaohui Yang, Hongxia Xu, Jiankun Xing
Tanshinone IIA (TANIIA) is a natural active ingredient derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza. It is an important component isolated from S. miltiorrhiza and is a fat-soluble component of S. miltiorrhiza. Salvia miltiorrhiza is known as a traditional Chinese medicine that can improve blood flow and blood stasis. It is beneficial to cardiovascular health and has been used on the diseases of cardiovascular [1,2]. Studies have shown that TANIIA exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo, which can increase the blood flow of coronary arteries, thereby improving the metabolic disorder of cardiomyocytes caused by hypoxia and improving the tolerance of myocardium in anoxic environment [3,4]. At the same time, TANIIA can also reduce the extent of myocardial infarction, improve the contractility of the myocardium, and thus promote the regeneration of myocardial cells [5,6].