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Vitamin Deficiencies – Diagnosis and Treatment
Published in Jennifer Doley, Mary J. Marian, Adult Malnutrition, 2023
Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body because they dissolve in water. Therefore, frequent intake of these vitamins is needed because they become depleted more rapidly, and supplementation is less likely to result in toxicity. Table 9.3 reviews the function, needs and sources of the water-soluble vitamins. Table 9.4 summarizes biochemical diagnostic tests and treatment of water-soluble vitamin deficiencies.
Diet and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Micronutrients comprise vitamins and minerals. These are essential in small quantities to maintain health. Vitamins are either water-soluble or fat-soluble. We need to eat the water-soluble vitamins B and C daily, as they cannot be stored in the body. Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K can be stored in the body and therefore eating excess quantities can be toxic. Minerals include calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, chloride, zinc, copper, selenium, manganese, chromium and iodine.
Nutrition: Diet Therapy and Nutritional Supplements
Published in Paloma Tejero, Hernán Pinto, Aesthetic Treatments for the Oncology Patient, 2020
The use of these supplements with the sole purpose of preventing oncological diseases lacks evidence. Water-soluble vitamins in the general population can be safely administered, as the risk of toxicity is low. However, beta-carotene supplementation should be discouraged, especially in those at high risk of lung cancer (smokers or those who have had contact with asbestos).
The contribution of gut bacterial metabolites in the human immune signaling pathway of non-communicable diseases
Published in Gut Microbes, 2021
F. Hosseinkhani, A. Heinken, I. Thiele, P. W. Lindenburg, A. C. Harms, T. Hankemeier
Group B vitamins consist of essential micronutrients that are involved in multiple physiological processes to maintain the body’s homeostasis, such as lipid metabolism, erythrocyte formation, and cell division amongst others. These are water-soluble vitamins that are acquired from dietary sources as well as from our commensal gut bacteria which are both consumers and producers of vitamins B.124Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium are key producers of group B vitamins in the human intestine, being capable of synthesizing thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folate (B9), and cobalamin (B12).124 Recent studies indicate that B vitamins not only play an important role as cofactors and coenzymes in various metabolic pathways, but are also key to maintain immune homeostasis.117 Vitamin B deficiency increases the risk of developing immune-related diseases by inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and suppression of natural killer cell activity.125,126 Thus, the production of vitamin B by the gut microbiota is essential in modulating host immune function.
Interaction Effects of Plasma Vitamins A, E, D, B9, and B12 and Tobacco Exposure in Urothelial Bladder Cancer: A Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction Analysis
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2019
Mohamed Kacem Ben Fradj, Kheireddine Mrad Dali, Amani Kallel, Mokhtar Bibi, Sami Ben Rhouma, Haifa Sanhaji, Yassine Nouira, Moncef Feki
The present study showed no association of folate and VB12 with UBC. These water-soluble vitamins are involved in DNA synthesis, replication, repair, and methylation, as well as in cell differentiation (38). They likely play a dual role in carcinogenesis and could prevent or promote cancer development. Epidemiological data regarding the role of these B vitamins in UBC are conflicting (11,13).
The comparison of the effect of Origanum vulgare L. extract and vitamin C on the gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Mahdieh Raeeszadeh, Mahtab Rezaee, Abolfazl Akbari, Nadia Khademi
Vitamin C is one of the water-soluble vitamins and glucose derivatives, which is an electron carrier in the body’s chemical reactions, one of the most important antioxidants, and is involved in free radicals neutralizing and relieving oxidative stress (Udaya et al. 2019).