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Novel Starch-Derived Topical Delivery Systems
Published in Andreia Ascenso, Sandra Simões, Helena Ribeiro, Carrier-Mediated Dermal Delivery, 2017
Joana Marto, Inês Jorge, Antonio de Almeida, Helena Ribeiro
The versatility of starch for stabilizing emulsion can be seen in the study performed by Matos et al. [17], where OSA was also used in the development of a double w/o/w (water-in-oil- in-water) Pickering emulsion. To the inner water phase was added sodium chloride (NaCl) and the continuous oil phase consisted of Miglyol® 812 and of a lipophilic surfactant: polyglycerol polyricinoleate 90 (PGPR 90). In the outer aqueous phase was added a sodium phosphate buffer, since it has showed to enhance the oil droplets separation. With the addition of PGPR 90, a decreased mean droplet size was possible to obtain and a higher viscosity of the oil phase, which resulted in a less pronounced sedimentation of the inner aqueous phase. This double emulsion showed high encapsulation efficiency (around 98.6%) and high encapsulation stability (91.1-95.2% after 3 weeks of study), confirming the high chemical stability of this double Pickering emulsion.
Self-double-emulsifying drug delivery system incorporated in natural hydrogels: a new way for topical application of vitamin C
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2018
Qiang Wang, Hong Zhang, Juan Huang, Nan Xia, Tong Li, Qiang Xia
Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, purity ≥99.7%) was supplied by Shanghai Titan Scientific Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Evening primrose oil was obtained from Guangzhou Boyi Trading Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) was supplied by Shanghai Youchuang industrial Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Tween 80 and glycerol were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Xanthan gum was purchased from Rhodia (France). Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate was supplied by Shanghai LEASUN Chemical Co., Ltd (China). 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was purchased from Alading Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), 0.25% trypsin–EDTA solution, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), antibiotic solution (1% penicillin–streptomycin) and foetal bovine serum (FBS) were products of Hyclone (Thermo Scientific, USA). Double-distilled water was used in all experiments. All other chemicals and solvents were of analytical reagent grade.
Microparticles loaded with fish oil: stability studies, food application and sensory evaluation
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2021
Ana Lúcia Fadini, Izabela Dutra Alvim, Camila Augusto Carazzato, Katyri Bezerra de Freitas Paganotti, Ana Maria Rauen de Oliveira Miguel, Rodney Alexandre Ferreira Rodrigues
Fish oil W3-MEG-3 4020 EE Oil® (DSM, Canada) and fish oil Incromega E3322-LQ-(LK) (Croda Europe Limited, England) were used as core material. In the formation of spray-dried microparticles acacia gum Encapsia® (Nexira, France) and skimmed milk powder (Nestlé, Brazil) were used as emulsifiers and wall materials, grape juice (Aurora, Brazil) to mask unpleasant flavours and polysorbate 80 Tween® 80 (Synth, Brazil) as emulsifier. In the formation of spray-chilled microparticles a lipid matrix composed by the combination of two lipid carriers zero trans was used, a 100% hydrogenated palm oil (A. Azevedo Óleos Vegetais, Brazil) (PF) whose fatty acid composition was 0.42% 12:0; 0.88% 14:0; 38.19% 16:0; 0.12% 17:0; 55.19% 18:0; 0.14% 18:1; 0.51% 20:0; 0.07% 22:0; 0.08% 24:0 and the vegetable fat AL Lette K39LT® (Cargill, Brazil) (VF) whose fatty acid composition was 0.14% 6:0; 2.65% 8:0; 2.71% 10:0; 40.29% 12:0; 13.67% 14:0; 10.26% 16:0; 24.44% 18:0; 0.49% 18:1; 0.72% 18:2; 0.24% 20:0. These lipid carriers were selected because they are common food ingredients and have a thermal resistance that could ensure the handling of the microparticles. Polyglycerol polyricinoleate PGPR 4150® (Palsgaard, Denmark) was used as emulsifier. Chocolate dragees were produced with a milk and dark chocolate blend (Harald, Brazil) and extruded cereals (Nestlé, Brazil). The cereal bar ingredients were purchased in a local market (cereals, glucose syrup, inverted sugar, honey, dried fruits, such as blueberries, cranberries and raisins, Brazilian nuts and other ingredients currently used in this product). The Supelco 37 FAME Mix standard (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was used in the gas chromatography analysis. Chemical reagents were purchased from Merck (Germany).