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Assessment – Nutrition-Focused Physical Exam to Detect Micronutrient Deficiencies
Published in Jennifer Doley, Mary J. Marian, Adult Malnutrition, 2023
Nails that have poor blanching are pale in color and mottled. Blanching is assessed by applying pressure to the nail bed for three seconds or less or until it turns white and then quickly releasing pressure. The blanched nail should return to its normal pink hue a few seconds after the discontinuation of pressure. Delayed return suggests impaired blood flow from poor circulation, a potential non-nutrient cause. Potential micronutrient deficiency includes vitamins A and C, as well as iron.4,10
The Initial Metabolic Medicine Hospital Consult
Published in Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson, Optimizing Metabolic Status for the Hospitalized Patient, 2023
Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson
I prefer to do an enumerated A/P for our follow-up notes. This follows the format of our initial assessment but with a notation about the progress we have made on therapy. The A/P section is also a good place to make updates as needed. For example, our consult report may have said that a micronutrient deficiency was suspected. Our follow-up note will have the data on the micronutrient levels, which either confirm or rule out the diagnosis.
Envisioning Utilization of Super Grains for Healthcare
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Santosh K. Mishra, Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants in Food Design, 2022
Out of 250,000 edible species of plant, the world is thriving on only 1% with the major dominance of three crops—(wheat, Triticum aestivum; rice, Oryza sativa; and maize, Zea mays). The scientific community is now keen on finding alternative resources due to the spurring of a presumption that at least 14% decline shall occur in the per capita production of grains by 2030 [41]. Moreover, micronutrient deficiency is a serious global concern and is often termed as “hidden hunger” since its impacts on health are not acutely visible. According to World Health Organization (WHO), more than two billion people suffer from micronutrient deficiency globally [151]. Also, 1% of the worldwide population is a patient of gluten intolerance, or celiac disease, wherein the micro-villi of the small intestine are damaged consequently leading to anaemia and osteoporosis [195].
Nutritional interventions and outcomes of children with short bowel syndrome in a tertiary hospital setting in South Africa
Published in South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2023
BD Saayman, AJW Millar, E van Niekerk
These results are in keeping with other studies investigating the long-term outcomes of patients with SBS, who have also demonstrated lower weight-for-age scores and poor linear growth when compared with healthy controls, even when corrected for gestational age. The literature cites the following as possible contributory factors to poor growth in this population: (a) inadequate calorie and protein intake; (b) receiving adequate calories but poor utilisation due to increased gastrointestinal losses; (c) under-recognised micronutrient deficiency and (d) increased metabolic requirements caused by infections. It has also been demonstrated that length gain in particular in patients with SBS has proved to be one of the anthropometric parameters that is the most challenging to improve even when providing sufficient calories.18,32
Traditional green leafy vegetables as underutilised sources of micronutrients in a rural farming community in south-west Nigeria II: consumption pattern and potential contribution to micronutrient requirements
Published in South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021
Shirley Isibhakhomen Ejoh, Faustina Dufie Wireko-Manu, David Page, Catherine MGC Renard
In Nigeria, apart from under-nutrition and over-nutrition, which currently constitute a double burden of disease, hidden hunger also constitutes a third burden.1 Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and iron deficiency remain public health challenges in Nigeria and this is particularly so in rural areas of the country. Some 25% of infant, child and maternal mortality is attributed to vitamin A deficiency.1 Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency among children aged under five children in Nigeria is between 5.3% and 29.5%,2,3 depending on the region. Iron deficiency is the cause of prevalent nutritional anaemia (also known as iron deficiency anaemia) in Nigeria; 20–40% in adult females, 20–25% in children and 10% in adult males.1 High rates of micronutrient deficiency are an indication of low-quality diets, which also contributes to all other forms of malnutrition.4 The micronutrient quality of poor diets could be improved with readily available and accessible traditional green leafy vegetables (TGLVs), especially among populations who have inadequate access to animal source foods for economic reasons.5
Current and future treatment management strategies for gastroparesis
Published in Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 2019
Priyadarshini Loganathan, Mahesh Gajendran, Richard McCallum
Micronutrient deficiency is quite prevalent in moderate and severe GP. Iron, calcium, Vitamin B12 is the most common micronutrient deficiency which occurs in GP. They need to be corrected and further prevented with appropriate supplementation. Parental iron should be considered if anemia is refractory to oral supplementation. Treatment/prevention includes calcium supplementation 1000–1500 mg/day, vitamin D 400–800 IU/day, adequate sun exposure, and exercise and fall prevention. Neuropathy is associated with B12 deficiency which exacerbates with any paralytic component of GP [89]. An optimal B12 level improves the GE. Thiamine (B1) can also be depleted leading to neuropathy and encephalopathy and any deficiency for it should be looked for.