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Abies Spectabilis (D. Don) G. Don (Syn. A. Webbiana Lindl.) Family: Coniferae
Published in L.D. Kapoor, Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants, 2017
Chemical constituents — Flowers contain sugar, cellulose, albuminous substances, ash, and water. Dried flowers contain 50 to 60% sugar; seed contains 50 to 60% of fatty oil, called bassia oil, consisting of olein and palmitin, linolein, and stearin; a bitter principle, probably saponin, albumen, gum, starch, mucilage, and ash. Ash contains silicic, phosphoric, and sulfuric acid, lime, iron, potash, and traces of soda. Juice contains caoutchouc, tannin, starch, calcium oxalate, gum, resins, and formic and acetic acid. Oil is a mixture of 80% of stearin (separated crystals of stearic acid) and 20% of olein. Leaves contain a glucosidic saponin different from that obtained from seeds. Traces of an alkaloid have also been found. Flowers contain a fairly good quality of sugar, enzymes, and yeast and are commercially used for production of fuel alcohol. The fruit contains saccharose and maltose, tannin, and enzymes. It yields 0.03% of an essential oil containing 22.7% of ethyl cinnamate.50,178
Management of male androgenetic alopecia
Published in Pierre Bouhanna, Eric Bouhanna, The Alopecias, 2015
Naito et al.8 analyzed the effect of the lipid peroxides on hair follicles and observed that the topical application of linolein hydroperoxides, one of the lipid peroxides, leads to the early onset of the catagen phase in murine hair cycles. Furthermore, they found that lipid peroxides induced apoptosis of hair follicle cells. They also induced apoptosis in human epidermal keratinocytes by upregulating apoptosis-related genes. These results indicate that lipid peroxides, which can cause free radicals, induce the apoptosis of hair follicle cells, and this is followed by early onset of the catagen phase. Ultimately, Bahta et al.9 cultured dermal hair papilla cells (DPCs) from balding and nonbalding scalp and demonstrated that balding DPCs grow slower in vitro than nonbalding DPCs. Loss of proliferative capacity of balding DPCs was associated with changes in cell morphology, expression of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, decreased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Bmi-1, upregulation of p16(INK4a)/pRb, and nuclear expression of markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage, including heat shock protein-27, super oxide dismutase catalase, ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase, and ATM- and Rad3-related protein. The finding of premature senescence of balding DPC in vitro, in association with expression of markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage, suggests that balding DPCs are particularly sensitive to environmental stress, such as cigarette smoking or ultraviolet radiation (UVR).
Bioactive extracts of Carum copticum and thymol inhibit biofilm development by multidrug-resistant extended spectrum β-lactamase producing enteric bacteria
Published in Biofouling, 2019
Meenu Maheshwari, Faizan Abul Qais, Abdullah Safar Althubiani, Hussein Hasan Abulreesh, Iqbal Ahmad
GC-MS analysis of the methanolic seed extract of C. copticum revealed the presence of 14 major components as listed in Table 2. The major compounds identified were thymol (65.75%), 9,12 octadecandien-1-ol (β-mono linolein) (4.62%), 9 octadecenoic acid methyl ester (3.07%), 6 cis octadecenoic acid (2.72%), triterpene lupeol (1.88%) and o-cymene (1.75%). A GC-MS chromatogram of the methanolic extract of C. copticum is shown in Supplementary Figure S4.