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Plantago ovata (Isabgol) and Rauvolfia serpentina (Indian Snakeroot)
Published in Azamal Husen, Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees of Potential Medicinal Benefits, 2022
Ankur Anavkar, Nimisha Patel, Ahmad Ali, Hina Alim
Foods with added ingredients that have beneficial effects on human health are on the rise. Thermal analysis conducted on polysaccharide extracted from P. ovata leaves confirmed the biopolymer having structural stability and viscosity. This could be used in the food industry as a thickening or gelling agent (Patel et al., 2019). A study conducted on the poultry meat formulations investigated the addition of P. ovata husk. The formulation of 40% of water and 3% P. ovata husk resulted in high production yields, low hardness, and low lightness – certainly the best results for the producers. Further research for sensory analysis, shelf-life, and stability needs to be conducted (Zajac, 2020). Another study on the effect of P. ovata husk on myofibrillar protein gelation was investigated. A 2% addition of P. ovata husk gave the best results on water-holding capacity (53.8%), and textural property of the gel. The gel strength and adhesiveness increased by 2 and 6 folds, respectively. Thus, it could potentially be used as an ingredient in meat production (Zhou et al., 2021).
Application of Bioresponsive Polymers in Drug Delivery
Published in Deepa H. Patel, Bioresponsive Polymers, 2020
Manisha Lalan, Deepti Jani, Pratiksha Trivedi, Deepa H. Patel
Pectin is also one of the natural polymers which can gel in nasal fluids. Castile et al. investigated the nasal deposition and gelling properties of PecSys, low methoxy pectin. The clinical utility of pectin in situ gel has been evaluated in trials for the trans-nasal transport of fentanyl, and was similar to the findings of the in vitro models developed by Castile et al. [75]. Pectin extracted from Aloe Vera plant was evaluated as an in situ gelling agent. It was an effective gelling agent at low concentrations of calcium. Advanced studies characterized the gelation process in detail and proved the utility of the system [76, 77].
Versatile Use of Gelatin in Functional Food and Nutraceuticals
Published in Datta Sourya, Debasis Bagchi, Extreme and Rare Sports, 2019
Gelatin is a colorless, flavorless and opaque protein derived from collagen, which is obtained from various animal body parts. Commercially, gelatin is manufactured from skin and bone from slaughtered animals that have been approved for human consumption. The collagen contained in these raw materials, viz. bone and skin, is the actual starting material used in the manufacturing of gelatin. It is widely used as a gelling agent in food, pharmaceuticals, capsules and cosmetic manufacturing. It is a unique functional food ingredient which has extensive applications in the functional food and nutraceutical industries. It is widely available in many prepared foods, especially in diverse sport foods, gummy-bears and snack bars. The type of gelatin used in these bars is collagen or hydrolyzed collagen. Athletes are mainly exposed to gelatin or hydrolyzed collagen as a protein source.
Synthesis and therapeutic delivery approaches for praziquantel: a patent review (2010-present)
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2021
Tayo A. Adekiya, Pradeep Kumar, Pierre P.D. Kondiah, Viness Pillay, Yahya E. Choonara
EP2594258A1 illustrated the formulation of an oral hydrosuspension gel containing praziquantel, water and at least one gelifer in order to enhance the medicament palatable for oral treatment in camelids animal. In the invention, an oral hydrosuspension gel was formulated by using 15% (w/w) native praziquantel, at least 30% water and at the minimum one gelifer. The gelifer is a typical gelling agent, for example a hydrocolloid, which is selected from the group containing cellulose derivatives, for instance, water-soluble cellulose ether (methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl cellulose, hydroxyl ethyl methyl cellulose among others); starches (hydroxyethyl starch); natural gums (xanthum gum) and synthetic polymers (polymers and copolymers of carbomeres, and polyvinylpyrrolidone). The acceptance (palatability) test was carried on 34 illamas naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dentriticum, and the efficacy of the formulation was calculated to be 88.2% when treated at a dose rate of 50 mg/kg bodyweight, and 82.3% efficacy was observed when 25 mg/kg bodyweight was used [41].
Levofloxacin-loaded naturally occurring monoterpene-based nanoemulgel: a feasible efficient system to circumvent MRSA ocular infections
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Mohammed M. Mehanna, Amina Tarek Mneimneh, Khaled Abed El Jalil
Self-nanoemulsifying delivery systems (SNEDs) belong to lipid-based systems. SNEDs are isotropic mixtures of a drug, oils (natural or synthetic), surfactants and co-surfactants. These systems spontaneously emulsify with mild agitation upon contact with body fluids. The nanosize range of the droplets (20–200 nm) and their high stability provided superiority of SNEDs over other systems such as solid lipid nanoparticles and liposomes [17]. Additionally, drugs can be loaded in the inner structure of SNEDs and hence, protected from enzymatic hydrolysis, first-pass metabolism, and lymphatic bypass. These characteristics support the use of self-nanoemulsifying systems as potential carriers to enhance the delivery, rate, and fate of many therapeutic agents. A nanoemulsion dispersed with a gelling agent is referred as ‘nanoemulgel’, which combines the merits of both the nanoemulsions and the hydrogels, offering wide opportunities for many pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, such as; intravaginal administration to treat urinary tract infections, improved nasal permeation and drug release when applied intranasal, extend retained transdermal application, wound healing, controlled and prolonged ocular delivery [18–21]. From patients’ point of view, nanoemulgels exhibit interesting properties as being non-sticky, easily spreading, non-staining, translucent and have elegant appearance [18].
Tazarotene-loaded in situ gels for potential management of psoriasis: biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2020
İpek Erol, Neslihan Üstündağ Okur, Duygu Orak, Hande Sipahi, Ahmet Aydın, Özgen Özer
Moreover, the fabricated in situ gels were studied for their clarity by observing them visually on black and white background. The obtained data showed that clear in situ gels were developed. Additionally, the gelling temperature of the in situ gel was quite similar in both formulations, loaded and unloaded. This means that the addition of the drug did not play a major role in the gelling temperature (Gadad et al. 2016; Jagdale et al. 2016). More specifically, the gelation temperature of TZN loaded in situ gel was calculated at 32.03 °C. Similarly, the pure in situ gel was found at 32.3 °C, which is a statistically insignificant difference. Moreover, this gelation temperature indicates that the liquid gels after their instillation on the epidermis will be converted into the gel. The gelation capacity data revealed that the developed in situ gels presented immediate gelation existing for an hour. In addition, the gelling capacity improved when the concentration of the gelling agent increased. Similar results have been revealed in various studies (Patil et al. 2015; Aksu et al. 2019).