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Lung and Tracheo-Bronchial Tumours - main types.
Published in Fred W Wright, Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
Rubin and Casarett (1966a & b) studied the microcirculation of tumours. Major branches from the host vessels supply the tumour via a hilum (not unlike that in the kidney). Two main patterns of vascularisation were described - (a) peripheral (with and without penetrating vessels), and (b) central vascularisation. The first type is more prone to central necrosis; (Reproduced with permission from Clinical Radiology.)
Gingiva and Periodontal Tissue Regeneration
Published in Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez, Current Advances in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, 2020
Avita Rath, Preena Sidhu, Priyadarshini Hesarghatta Ramamurthy, Bennete Aloysius Fernandesv, Swapnil Shankargouda, Sultan Orner Sheriff
Vascularization is an important part of any regeneration approach to avoid tissue necrosis, and the use of prevascularized tissue engineered scaffolds is receiving increasing attention in regenerative medicine (Baldwin et al. 2014). In the context of periodontal tissue engineering, Nagai and colleagues (2009) used a tissue engineering construct of human PDL fibroblasts (HPDLFs) co-cultured with or without Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). The HUVECs were found to form capillary-like structures when co-cultured with the HPDLFs. These cultures demonstrated longer survival, higher ALP activity and lower osteocalcin production than the HDPLF cultures alone. These findings suggest that the incorporation of endothelial progenitors into tissue-engineered constructs may be beneficial in maintaining adequate vascularization, which would, in turn, improve regenerative outcomes (Nagai et al. 2009).
Genes and heredity in breast cancer
Published in A. R. Genazzani, Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cancer, 2020
The growth of tumors beyond some certain size depends strictly on the formation of new vascularization, by means of a process called ‘neoangiogenesis’ or ‘tumor angiogenesis’. In addition, these vessels allow tumor cells to spread everywhere; neoplastic cells are able to infiltrate their walls, using strategies similar to those previously described. Responsible for this new vascular network are a number of angiogenetic factors excreted from the tumor cell population, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
A case of a borderline adrenal oncocytoma in a 62-year old female
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2022
Olivia Behaeghe, Bernard Geurde, Jean-Luc Jourdan, Céline Bodson, Benoît Seydel, Daniel Lacremans
The patient undergoes surgery for the resection of the tumor. Given the size and the uncertainty of the aspect, we opt for an open surgery under general anaesthesia. She is placed in dorsal decubitus with a 30° left tilt. A right subcostal incision is made to access the abdominal cavity. The superior and inferior right hepatic triangular ligaments are divided and the surrenal mass is visualized. The aspect of the mass is inflammatory, fixed and adherent to the adjacent structures. The liver is reclined up to the inferior vena cava. The dissection is carried out in a circular manner around the tumor. We free the superior part of the kidney while controlling the diaphragmatic vessels. The median adrenal vein is visualized and sutured on the lateral margin of the vena cava for haemostatic control. The arterial vascularization is controlled with a clip. The mass is mobilized anteriorly and is progressively detached from the kidney and the right renal vein. There is a small rim of normal surrenal tissue at the lateral right border of the vena cava that needs a separate resection. A small retrocaval cellulo-fatty blade is also resected in a second time. A drain is placed in the tumorectomy cavity.
Prognostic value of CD73 expression in resected colorectal cancer liver metastasis
Published in OncoImmunology, 2020
Nouredin Messaoudi, Isabelle Cousineau, Elizabeth Arslanian, David Henault, David Stephen, Franck Vandenbroucke-Menu, Michel Dagenais, Richard Létourneau, Marylène Plasse, André Roy, Réal Lapointe, Dirk Ysebaert, Dominique Trudel, Geneviève Soucy, John Stagg, Simon Turcotte
Poor response to chemotherapy, rapid tumor growth, and larger tumors are characterized by the presence of necrotic areas which is the endpoint of chronic ischemia due to insufficient vascularization and inadequate oxygenation. In hypoxic conditions, stressed cancer cells release ATP that can then be degraded into adenosine by CD73 into the TME.11 Tumor growth requires concurrent suppression of immune response as well as the development of neoangiogenesis. In this context, accumulating data underscore that adenosine plays a key role in endothelial cell proliferation, survival, migration and vessel formation though promotion of pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), Interleukin 8 (IL-8), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and angiopoietin 1.27-29 Nonetheless, in our study, CD73 expression was independent of pathological response to chemotherapy and the degree of necrosis, and was found to be more strongly associated with patient outcomes (Figiure 2 and Table 2).
Promoting vascularization for tissue engineering constructs: current strategies focusing on HIF-regulating scaffolds
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2019
Tilman U. Esser, Kaveh Roshanbinfar, Felix B. Engel
The importance of the ferrous ion within the catalytic domain of PHDs is further illustrated by the fact that hydroxylase activity is highly sensitive to chelating agents. Deferoxamine (DFO) is an FDA-approved iron chelator used for the treatment of acute or chronic iron overload and thalassemia. It has gained further attention due to its ability to stabilize HIF-1α [112], making it an interesting candidate for inducing vascularization. Indeed, DFO administration has been shown to induce the expression of angiogenic factors and vessel formation [113,114], as well as other downstream HIF-targets [115]. Accordingly, a clinical trial to examine the efficacy of DFO for wound healing in diabetic patients has recently been registered (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03137966).