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How to prevent and treat chemotherapy-induced nail abnormalities
Published in Robert Baran, Dimitris Rigopoulos, Chander Grover, Eckart Haneke, Nail Therapies, 2021
Most anticancer drug-induced nail lesions do not require treatment as they are asymptomatic. Moreover, at the time of diagnosis they reflect the past effects of anticancer drugs on the matrix. Thus, changes like Beau’s lines, onycholysis and pigmentation will disappear with nail growth and discontinuation of treatment. The nail will return to a normal appearance after its complete growth in 4 to 6 months for hands and 12 to 18 months for toes.
Craniofacial Regeneration—Bone
Published in Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez, Current Advances in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, 2020
Laura Guadalupe Hernandez, Lucia Pérez Sánchez, Rafael Hernández González, Janeth Serrano-Bello
Current surgical treatment for craniofacial defects has been improved during the last year. Nowadays various techniques have been used (autogenous grafting, allogeneic grafting, and prosthetic materials) for bone reconstruction. However, tissues engineering has played a crucial role in bone regeneration for craniofacial defects, as they are common critical size defects and their complicated structure and function. However, despite the use of grafting, none of these modalities have yet to prove a consummate tool for craniofacial bone reconstruction, therefore the emergence of tissue engineering shows great potential as a future treatment for craniofacial defects as tissue engineering must consider three main factors to achieve bone regeneration such as cells, scaffold and growth factors, which influence cellular activity. All of them have proposed one which mimics the extracellular matrix of tissues.
Fibrogenic Cytokines in Airway Fibrosis
Published in Alastair G. Stewart, AIRWAY WALL REMODELLING in ASTHMA, 2020
Extracellular matrix not only serves as scaffolding to stabilise the physical structure of tissues, but also plays a far more active and complex role in regulating the behaviour of the cells it surrounds — influencing their development, migration, proliferation, shape, and metabolic function. The extracellular matrix has a correspondingly complex molecular composition. Unfortunately, our understanding of its nature is still fragmentary. Matrix is made up of two major classes of extracellular macromolecules. They are the collagens and proteoglycans, with collagen being the major constituent.23
Burden and severity of disease of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency: a systematic literature review
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2022
Katharina Buesch, Rongrong Zhang, Katarzyna Szczepańska, Vladica Veličković, Lucy Turner, Milena Despotović, Branka Đorđević, Alexis Russell
A standardized form for data extraction was developed and used to extract and tabulate results. Two reviewers (KB and RZ) performed data extraction on a pre-specified data extraction form: study design, country, sample size, year of publication, intervention, ambulatory status, clinical manifestations, quality-of-life outcomes, and healthcare resource utilization. To better characterize the severity of the disease, a matrix was created to categorize the clinical manifestations reported on non-ambulatory, ambulatory, and mixed (both ambulatory and non-ambulatory) patient populations. For this systematic literature review, we defined ambulatory patients as individuals who can walk (without or with limited assistance and do not require full support). All other individuals were classified as non-ambulatory. All included studies were assessed for quality using a modified version of the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) grading system12. Systematic reviews of n-of-1 trials and observational studies with dramatic effects were considered “high” level of evidence; non-randomized controlled cohort/follow-up studies were considered "moderate” level of evidence; and case-series, case-control studies or historically controlled studies, and mechanism-based reasoning were considered “low” level of evidence.
Synergistic effect of combined transcranial direct current stimulation and Matrix Model on the reduction of methamphetamine craving and improvement of cognitive functioning: a randomized sham-controlled study
Published in The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2022
Yasha Fayaz Feyzi , Neda Vahed, Nazanin Sadeghamal Nikraftar, Reza Arezoomandan
This study was an experimental, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled research with pretest-posttest and between-group comparisons. In doing so, the participants were randomly assigned into active tDCS with Matrix (n = 15), sham tDCS with Matrix (n = 12), and Matrix psychotherapy only groups. participants in active and sham tDCS groups received 16 sessions of active or sham tDCS over left DLPFC (without informing the participant), respectively. The experimenters who conducted the outcome measures were blinded to the tDCS conditions. Also, participants in both groups received 24 sessions of psychotherapy based on the Matrix protocol. However, participants in the Matrix psychotherapy only group (n = 13) only received 24-session psychotherapy based on the Matrix Model. The interventions were carried out for three months (12 weeks). In the first month (two sessions per week), Matrix treatment was provided for all participants in the three groups. In the next two months, sham tDCS and active tDCS were added along with the Matrix psychotherapy. Participants in each session (two sessions per week) received tDCS after psychotherapy (Figure 1). This study was double-blind, and participants were not aware of sham or active tDCS. Also, each participant received a specific code, and therefore, the experimenters were not aware of the participants’ group. It should be mentioned that participants were not asked whether they were in the active or sham group so we cannot be certain the blind was maintained.
Simultaneous multielement analysis by ICP-MS with simple whole blood sample dilution and its application to uremic patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 2020
Bei Xu, Yamei Zhang, Yan Chen, Min Zeng, Jiafu Feng, Jie Tang, Lin Yu
Eight single-element standard solutions were mixed and diluted with deionized water to yield a multielement stock standard solution containing 40 mg/L Ca, 20 mg/L Mg, 1.6 mg/L Cu, 4 mg/L Zn, 200 mg/L Fe, 200 μg/L Mn, 200 μg/L Se and 200 μg/L Pb. Matrix effect is a critical challenge during the development and routine analysis of matrix samples (i.e. plasma, blood etc.). To make the samples and the calibrators were measured under the same complex blood conditions and minimize matrix effect, standard working curve diluent solution was firstly prepared by dilution of 1 mL blood sample to 49 mL sample diluent solution, which was prepared by dilution of 10 mL HNO3 and 10 mL Triton X-100 to 2000 mL total volume. Then the multielement stock standard solution was, respectively, diluted with the standard working curve diluent solution to produce standard working solutions. For each element, at least five calibration points were taken into account for calculation. IS solution containing Bi and Ge (both at final concentrations of 100 ng/mL) was prepared in deionized water with HNO3 (1%, v/v), and stored at 4 °C and brought to room temperature before analysis.