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Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy
Published in Ching-Yu Cheng, Tien Yin Wong, Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2022
Until recently, there was a long debate as to whether serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) is different between AMD patients and controls. However, the EYE-RISK and European Eye Epidemiology consortia clearly demonstrated that HDL-c is associated with an increased risk of AMD and that triglycerides are negatively associated.50 Additionally, recent studies using Mendelian randomization support that increased HDL-c is a causal risk factor for AMD.51 Lipid metabolism pathway is implicated in both PCV and typical nAMD.
Aquatic Plants Native to Asia and Australia
Published in Namrita Lall, Aquatic Plants, 2020
Marco Nuno De Canha, Danielle Twilley, B. Venugopal Reddy, SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula, N. P. Deepika, T. N. Shilpa, B. Duraiswamy, S. P. Dhanabal, Suresh M. Kumar, Namrita Lall
Administration of N. officinale in the gastric cavity reduced total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in the blood of rats by 34.2%, 30.1%, and 52.9%, respectively. A treatment period of 10 days increased the levels of blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) by 27.0% (Yazdanparast et al. 2008). Angiotensin-converting enzyme, responsible for vasoconstriction, is inhibited by the 70% ethanol extract of N. officinale with an IC50 of 19.05 µg/ml, while the EA fraction exhibited an IC50 of 2.30 µg/ml (Yaricsha 2017).
Retinoids in Psoriasis
Published in Ayse Serap Karadag, Berna Aksoy, Lawrence Charles Parish, Retinoids in Dermatology, 2019
Uwe Wollina, Piotr Brzezinski, André Koch
Triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, blood count, creatinine, liver enzymes should be controlled initially every month, after 3 months every quarter of a year; for women, pregnancy tests every 4 weeks up to 3 years after withdrawal of retinoids. In cases of coexistent diabetes mellitus, fasting blood sugar should be checked, especially during the induction therapy (28). Hyperlipidemia (trigylcerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) occurs in about 17% of patients treated with systemic retinoids. The drug binding to RXR leads to increased Apo C-III expression, which contributes to hypertriglyceridemia and atherogenic lipoprotein profile (72). The increased laboratory parameters may need a dose reduction or drug withdrawal. Lipids can be lowered by nutrition, statins, and fibrates (73,74). Partial replacement of casein by fish oil or soy protein isolate have been shown to reduce retinoid-induced hyperlipidemia (75).
Serum calcium and magnesium were inversely associated with high sensitivity C-reactive protein in Chinese adults with coronary artery disease
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2023
Hongli Dong, Ping Hu, Jie Wang, Nan Lu
Detailed socio-demographic information was collected, such as age, sex, height, alcohol drinking (non-drinker or current drinker), weight, smoking (non-smoker or current smoker), antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic agent use. The subjects’ BMIs were calculated. Cardiac CRP (Latex) High Sensitive kit was performed to measure serum hsCRP concentrations according to the manufacturer’s instructions. HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) was measured through commercial reagents (Beckman Coulter Inc, Brea, CA). NexION 350X (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA ) with a coupled plasma mass spectrometry was performed to measure serum Ca and Mg concentrations. The pressurizing collision cell was used to eliminate the polyatomic interferences in the kinetic energy discrimination mode29. The analyte contamination or interfering substances were decreased using blank samples in the analytical system. The internal standard for Ca and Mg was scandium.
Antihyperlipidemic effect of tyrosol, a phenolic compound in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2021
Ramasamy Chandramohan, Leelavinothan Pari
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) participates in the efflux of excess cholesterol from peripheral cells as well as in reverse cholesterol transport from these cells to the liver (Farbstein and Levy 2012). HDL-C also protects against atherosclerosis by inhibiting cytokine-induced expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Altered HDL composition in patients with DM results in diminished ability to promote reverse cholesterol transport. Impaired cholesterol efflux from peripheral cells is mainly related to increase TG and decreased cholesterol content in HDL (Camont et al. 2011). Our results revealed that tyrosol treatment increased the level of plasma HDL-C in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. This result suggested that tyrosol may play pivotal roles in regulating reverse cholesterol transport via enhanced insulin secretion.
Associations of serum monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with digital ulcers and skin fibrosis in patients with systemic sclerosis
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2021
H-B Kim, A Kim, Y Kim, G-T Kim, E Ahn, MW So, DH Sohn, S-G Lee
Monocytes/macrophages play an important role in the immune response through releasing proinflammatory and pro-oxidant cytokines. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) can inhibit the recruitment and migration of monocytes/macrophages and accumulation of vascular cholesterol (8). Thus, the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) may reflect the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and has emerged as a novel prognostic indicator in CVDs (8, 9). The MHR was also found to be a marker for inflammation (8), oxidative stress (10), and endothelial dysfunction (11), all of which could contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrosis and vasculopathy in SSc (7, 12). Monocytes/macrophages have been reported to be activated in SSc (13) and contribute to its pathogenesis by secreting transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a major fibrogenic cytokine (14, 15). Taken together, it is assumed that the MHR may function as a potential biomarker in SSc; however, few studies have investigated the clinical implications of utilizing this marker in patients with SSc. Thus, the purposes of this study were to compare serum MHR values between patients with SSc and healthy controls and to investigate its potential relationship with clinical manifestations and organ involvement in SSc.