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The Use of Capillaroscopy and Aggregometry Methods to Diagnose the Alterations of Microcirculation and Microrheology in Diabetes
Published in Andrey V. Dunaev, Valery V. Tuchin, Biomedical Photonics for Diabetes Research, 2023
Andrei E. Lugovtsov, Yury I. Gurfinkel, Petr B. Ermolinskiy, Anastasia A. Fabrichnova, Alexander V. Priezzhev
Another important aspect characterizing the capillary blood flow is the interaction of blood cells with the vascular wall. It should be remembered that capillaries are living tubes consisting of endothelial cells, endotheliocytes, which, in addition to enabling blood transport, play the role of a kind of paracrine organ, since nitrogen monoxide, endothelin-1, and other vasoactive substances directly and indirectly affect blood aggregation properties.
Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Lipoprotein Disorders and other Metabolic Diseases
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Increasingly used in richer countries, these devices detect interstitial fluid glucose levels rather than blood glucose, reducing the need for capillary blood glucose testing. They may send an alarm to the patient to alert them if glucose levels go out of range
Blood sampling
Published in R. C. Richard Davison, Paul M. Smith, James Hopker, Michael J. Price, Florentina Hettinga, Garry Tew, Lindsay Bottoms, Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: Volume II – Exercise and Clinical Testing, 2022
Ronald J. Maughan, Susan M. Shirreffs
When only small samples of blood are required, capillary blood samples can readily be obtained from a fingertip or ear lobe. The use of micromethods for analysis means that the limited sample volume that can be obtained should not necessarily be a problem in metabolic studies. It is possible to make duplicate measurements of the concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, alanine, glycerol, acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate as well as several other metabolites on a single 20 μl blood sample using routine laboratory methods (Maughan, 1982).
DropWise: current role and future perspectives of dried blood spots (DBS), blood microsampling, and their analysis in sports drug testing
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2023
M. Thevis, Katja Walpurgis, A. Thomas
With regard to the sample collection procedure, DBS is characterized by several advantages over the collection of blood specimens by venipuncture; the minimally invasive process is quick, simple, safe, relatively painless, and can either be conducted by the doping control officer (DCO) or the supervised athlete themself [12]. The required capillary blood is usually obtained by a finger prick using sterile single-use micro-lancets. The first drop should be discarded to avoid dilution with interstitial fluids, and subsequently, one or more drops can be spotted on a cellulose-based DBS sampling card. The type of paper employed for DBS sampling can have a significant impact on the thickness, density, and spreading of the applied blood spot and thus on the recovery and stability of the analytes as well as matrix effects. In addition to untreated cellulose cards, chemically treated cards are commercially available. These chemicals include sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, and guanidinium thiocyanate, all of which are intended to denature enzymes/proteins, inactivate pathogens, and lyse cells.
Celiac disease screening at a pediatric outpatient clinic: a feasibility study
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Sunna Gunnarsdottir, Henrik Albrektsson, Julia Frydebo, Nicolae Miron, Jenny M. Kindblom, Ketil Størdal, Karl Mårild
A total of 2467 children visited the outpatient clinic during the study period, out of whom approximately 2000, aged 2–17 years, were approached and 500 enrolled in the study (the exact number of children approached, and reason for non-participation was not documented). A total of 481 children were serologically screened for CD; the remaining 19 participants had a pre-existing CD diagnosis and were hence not screened (Figure 1, Flowchart). Three children (0.6%) had total IgA levels <0.07 g/L and were tested for IgG-tTGA. The majority preferred capillary blood sampling (64%) rather than venous blood sampling. The mean VAS pain score at blood draw was 26 (SD 21) (median 20, range 0–100). Participants reported being overall satisfied with their participation in the study (See Supplementary Table 1).
Diabetes Mellitus–Associated Uveitis: Clinical Features in a Chilean Series
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2020
Pablo E. Sabat, Rodrigo Anguita, Victor Saez, Sergio Morales, Cristhian A. Urzúa, Francisco A. Villarroel, Víctor Velásquez
The characterization of patients with DMAU is shown in Table 2. In these patients, the average age at diagnosis was 51 years for the poorly controlled DM subjects and 54 for the well-controlled DM patients. Fifty-six percent were male in the first group and only 27% in the latter. All patients in the poorly regulated DM and 80% in the well-controlled group had type 2 DM, with an average duration of diabetes prior to the diagnosis of uveitis of 11 and 13 years, respectively. Half of the patients in the poorly controlled group and one-third in the well-controlled group were on insulin. The capillary blood glucose at presentation averaged 331 mg/dL in the poorly regulated diabetes group and 237 mg/dL in the well-controlled group and the glycosylated hemoglobin was 14.2% and 7.6%, respectively. Few patients in both groups had DM-related comorbidities (neuropathy and coronary disease).