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Anatomy of the Skull Base and Infratemporal Fossa
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Christopher P Aldren, Doris-Eva Bamiou, Raymond W Clarke, Richard M Irving, Haytham Kubba, Shakeel R Saeed, Paediatrics, The Ear, Skull Base, 2018
The zygomatic process of the temporal bone originates anteriorly, below which is the mandibular fossa housing the synovial temporomandibular joint. Behind this, the squamous part (together with part of the petrous bone) forms the anterior aspect of the external ear canal, the remainder formed by the curved c-shaped tympanic part of the temporal bone. Medially, the squamous part adjoins the petrous part which, together with the mastoid part (commonly collectively called the petromastoid), forms part of the medial bony external ear canal and thereon encases the middle and inner ear.
Evolution of Form in the Craniofacial Complex
Published in D. Dixon Andrew, A.N. Hoyte David, Ronning Olli, Fundamentals of Craniofacial Growth, 2017
In contrast to the upper facial skeleton, in vivo studies show that significant levels of bone strain occur in parts of the maxilla and zygoma during dental loading (Hylander and Johnson, 1994; Oyen, work in progress). These strains are especially intense in the region of the zygomatic process of the maxilla, but they tail off so quickly along the zygomatic arch that they are virtually indiscernible on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. High strain levels seen in the region of the zygomatic root on the maxilla presumably result from force conducted superiorly from the occlusal plane combined with force conducted downward from the origins of the masseter musculature. Variations in zygomatic buttress configurations seen in our skull samples indicate that there must have been significant differences in how masticatory forces were dissipated in this part of the facial skeleton. For example, in gracile australopithecines masticatory forces in the maxilla were resisted in part by thickened canine pillars that flank the nasal aperture, just as in chimpanzees and gorillas (Rak, 1983). In “robust” australopithecines that lack canine pillars (e.g., A. boisei), such forces were dissipated by the bony shell of a concave-shaped nasomaxillary basin.
Anatomy
Published in Stanley A. Gelfand, Hearing, 2017
The squamous portion is the fan-shaped part of the temporal bone. It is quite thin, often to the point of being translucent. Its inferior surface forms the roof and part of the posterior wall of the ear canal. The zygomatic process protrudes forward from the squamous portion to meet the zygomatic bone. The fan-shaped squamous plate is also in contact with the sphenoid bone anteriorly and with the parietal bone superiorly and posteriorly. The mandible attaches to the temporal bone just anterior to the ear canal, near the base of the zygomatic process, forming the temporomandibular joint.
The effect of retraining hypofunctional jaw muscles on the transverse skull dimensions of adult rats
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2019
Anna Ödman, Andrea Bresin, Stavros Kiliaridis
The alterations observed in the rehabilitation group at the end of the experiment were only at sites where mechanical load had been induced by the masseter muscle on the zygomatic arch. The later is formed by the zygomatic process of the maxilla anteriorly to the zygomatic bone centrally and then the zygomatic process of the squamosal posteriorly [15]. This is the site of the origin of the deep masseter muscle, which inserts to the lateral surfaces of the body and ramus of the mandible. It was previously found that our rehabilitation model caused an increase of the slow contractile gene expression isoform (MYH 7) levels due to an adaptation to the augmented mechanical load [16].
The modified lateral supraorbital approach
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2018
Umit Kocaman, Tayfun Dalbasti, Mehmet Haluk Ozer, Hakan Yilmaz, Muhammet Bahadir Yilmaz, Ibrahim Burak Atci, Servet Celik
(A) Head position and skin incision. (B,C) Superior temporal line is considered the boundary and the temporal muscle is cut lateral to this line so as to leave 1 cm of muscle on superior temporal line. 1–1.5 cm of the temporal muscle below the superior temporal line is detached from the frontal bone. The height of the cut muscle is 3–4 cm. (D,E) A single burr hole is opened right behind the zygomatic process of the frontal bone. The direction of the drill should be towards the posterior and superior. (F,G) A frontal craniotomy is performed. (H) The craniotomy size is about 3.5 × 3.5 cm. (I) Minimal drilling is performed to correct the edges of the frontal part in the large wing.
Effect of the Prenatal Exposure of Khat on the Skeleton of Developing Rabbit Embryo: Morphometric and Gross Anatomical Study
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Sanaa El Nahla, Aref Abdul-Mughni, Amina Dessouki, Said Hassan
The length of the skull (the distance between the highest points of the parietals to the middle of the rostral margin of the incisive bone) as well as the frontal width (the distance between the lateral margins of the two zygomatic processes of frontal bone) were measured according to Choudhary and Singh [11]. The mandibular length (the distance between the mandibular condyle to the mental foramen) was measured according to Mohamed [12]. The length of scapula, humerus, radius, os coxae, femur and tibia also were measured. All fetal macromorphometric measurements were taken using Image J software.