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Adapting Injection Techniques to Different Regions
Published in Yates Yen-Yu Chao, Sebastian Cotofana, Anand V Chytra, Nicholas Moellhoff, Zeenit Sheikh, Adapting Dermal Fillers in Clinical Practice, 2022
Yates Yen-Yu Chao, Sebastian Cotofana, Nicholas Moellhoff
The so-called cheekbone area is the anatomic area between the lateral infraorbital area and the buccal area. Its basis is formed by the medial aspect of the zygomatic bone and by the lateral aspect of the maxilla. It contains parts of the SOOF and the deep lateral cheek (DLC) fat compartment. It is transversed by the zygomaticus minor and major muscles and by the transverse facial artery. The prominence of this area influences the O-G curve and is a major determinant for facial attractiveness.
Cheek and Zygomatic Arch
Published in Ali Pirayesh, Dario Bertossi, Izolda Heydenrych, Aesthetic Facial Anatomy Essentials for Injections, 2020
Emanuele Bartoletti, Ekaterina Gutop, Chytra V. Anand, Giorgio Giampaoli, Sebastian Cotofana, Ali Pirayesh
The zygomatic bone (cheekbone/malar bone) is a paired irregular bone which articulates with the maxilla, temporal bone, sphenoid bone, and the frontal bone (Figure 4.21). It is situated at the upper lateral part of the face and forms: The cheek prominencePart of the lateral wall and floor of the orbitParts of the temporal fossaThe infratemporal fossa
Head and neck
Published in Tor Wo Chiu, Stone’s Plastic Surgery Facts, 2018
The articulations of the zygomatic bone with its neighbouring bones need to be assessed; high-energy injuries may cause comminution. The ZF suture is the strongest and is generally the last of the articulations to fracture completely – thus, as a simple rule, if it is disrupted, then ORIF is indicated. Undisplaced fractures may be treated conservatively (with regular re-evaluation); however, the fracture is usually unstable due to the pull of the masseter and the vast majority need fixation to avoid late deformity (malar flattening and face widening).
Orbital cavernous venous malformation with partial bone encasement
Published in Orbit, 2023
Quillan M. Austria, Ann Q. Tran, Andrea A. Tooley, Michael Kazim, Kyle J. Godfrey
A 66-year-old man was noted to have 2.5 mm of proptosis in the left eye. He had no additional orbital signs or evidence of cranial neuropathy. His visual acuity was 20/20 bilaterally. Computed tomography revealed a well-circumscribed, extraconal, inferolateral orbital mass that appeared to originate from the inferolateral zygoma, with areas of spiculated osseous densities partially surrounding the lesion (Figure 1A,B). Further characterization on magnetic resonance imaging revealed a heterogeneous mass without diffusion restriction or flow voids (Figure 1C,D). There was slowly increasing, stippled, heterogeneous contrast enhancement within the mass. The patient elected for an excisional biopsy. A swinging-eyelid orbitotomy was performed and the tumor was firmly adherent to the inferotemporal zygomatic bone at the area of the zygomaticofacial neurovascular bundle and inferior orbital fissure. The bone adjacent to the lesion was widely eroded, reflecting chronicity. The authors hypothesize that the bone encasement was acquired during growth and emergence through the inferior orbital fissure. The tumor was excised in total (Figure 1E). Histopathologic analysis was consistent with a cavernous venous malformation (Figure 1F). Post-operatively, his proptosis resolved and vision remained 20/20 without complications or evidence of recurrence at 8 months follow-up (Figure 2A,B).
Objective assessment of facial laxity changes after monopolar radiofrequency treatment by using moiré topography
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2021
Dong Hye Suh, Ye-Jin Lee, Dong Hyun Kim, Sang Jun Lee, Min Kyung Shin
Second, the zygomatic length ratio (L1/L2) and zygomatic angle were measured to analyze sagging in the middle third of the face. In general, the circles around the zygomatic bone are drawn downward in the direction of gravity. Therefore, the distance between the upper contour lines above the zygomatic bone, including L1, is normally shorter and denser, while the distance between the lower contour lines below the zygomatic bone, including L2, is longer and looser. As laxity in the cheek increased, illuminated circles on the cheek droop downward. Therefore, L1/L2 decreases because the value of L2, located on the lower part of the face, increases. In contrast, as skin laxity improves, the illuminated circles are distributed compactly around the zygomatic bone. When the gaps between the drawn circles are similar, the L1/L2 is close to 1. In other words, the value of L1/L2 is always between 0 and 1, and the value for more elastic cheek is close to 1. In this study, the mean value was 0.937 after 4 weeks, which was statistically significant (P value = .047 < 0.05, Table 2). The overall values were higher than those at baseline, which were close to 1 until the 6-month follow-up. This result is consistent with those of previous studies (8,14), which showed that the tightening effect by RF was maintained for up to 6 months.
Advanced osteoradionecrosis of the maxilla: a 15-year, single-institution experience of surgical management
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2020
Zimeng Li, Shangping Liu, Shang Xie, Xiaofeng Shan, Lei Zhang, Zhigang Cai
Nevertheless, when maxillary ORN involved multiple bones, the first choice of surgery was more likely to be segmental osteotomy plus flap reconstruction (p = .023). Among the seven cases with multiple bone lesions, three involved the zygomatic bone. The main blood supply of the zygoma is via the maxillary artery, and it can be affected by the operation on maxilla, which may be one of the main causes of zygomatic ORN [13]. Due to the prominent position, it can no longer form effective soft tissue coverage once the zygoma is exposed, which was considered that they had poor soft tissue condition. Therefore, we chose segmental osteotomy and flap repair as the surgical method for all patients with zygomatic exposure. On the other hand, the maxilla is adjacent to the skull base, with many major nerves and blood vessels around it. If maxillary ORN progresses, the skull base can be easily affected, which may lead to central nervous infection or even fatal bleeding [18]. Therefore, it is necessary to perform flap surgery when the important positions (pterygomandibular space, skull base, etc.) are affected by maxillary ORN.