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General Thermography
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Trapezius muscle strain and Trapezius tendinitis patterns are frequent findings (Figure 10.67). The Trapezius muscles are normally under tension to support the head and arms when in a standing or sitting position. As the Trapezii are large, flat muscles close to the skin surface, thermography can determine which parts of the muscle are inflamed. Muscle tissue or tendinous areas (or both) may be inflamed.
Surgical Anatomy of the Neck
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Laura Warner, Christopher Jennings, John C. Watkinson
The posterior triangle is bounded by the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle anteriorly, the anterior border of the trapezius posteriorly and the clavicle inferiorly. The floor is formed by the splenius capitus, levator scapulae and the posterior, middle and anterior scalene muscles respectively from superior to inferior. These muscles are covered by prevertebral fascia and represent the deep limit of resection during neck dissection procedures. The accessory nerve runs across the roof of the posterior triangle, with all other important anatomical structures and lymph nodes positioned caudal to it. Posterior to the trapezius muscle is the cervico-occipital area which contains paraspinal musculature, without lymph nodes or any other anatomical structures of relevance in head and neck surgery. The contents of the posterior triangle are summarized in Table 35.4.
Referred Pain and Trigger Point
Published in Hooshang Hooshmand, Chronic Pain, 2018
The upper trapezius muscle has referred pain to the occipital and anterior, temporal, and frontal regions. Again, injection of the upper trapezius muscle results in good relief of pain. The masseteric muscle trigger point is quite commonly seen in TMJ disease, and injection of the masseteric muscle results in good relief (Figure 22).
Reliability and discriminative validity of a screening tool for the assessment of neuromuscular control and movement control in patients with neck pain and healthy individuals
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Robby De Pauw, Eveline Van Looveren, Dorine Lenoir, Lieven Danneels, Barbara Cagnie
Similarly, the procedure for the adapted SHT of the axioscapular region consists of three parts. Participants were first positioned prone with 30° knee flexion and arms resting on the table in a neutral position (as depicted in Figure 2(A)). Both left and right side were tested. In the first part, the examiner manually positioned the scapula in a neutral scapular position which had to be maintained by the patient for three seconds. The lower trapezius muscle was palpated to detect muscle contraction. Additionally, substitution strategies (contraction of the Levator Scapulae, Rhomboids, and Latissimus Dorsi muscle) were assessed. During the second part, participants were instructed to reposition their scapula in a neutral position for five consecutive times with an in between rest period of 15 s. A score was computed based on substitution strategies such as breathing stop, excessive contraction of superficial musculature, and aberrant movement fluency. Lastly, endurance was only evaluated after successful completion of the first and second part of the assessment form, based on the performance of achieving a scapular neutral position for 10 times 10 s. Details on the procedure and assessment forms are included in Supplementary Appendix and a visual representation can be found in Figure 2. In an attempt to increase the reliability both forms include mainly yes/no statements.
Comparison of the electromyographic recruitment of the posterior oblique sling muscles during prone hip extension among three different shoulder positions
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2021
Second, the trapezius muscle is one of the muscles in the superficial back line, and is aligned with elements of the posterior oblique sling muscles (Myers, 2013). There is evidence that shoulder abduction angles greater than 110° activate lowT (Kim et al., 2013). During PHE with 125° of shoulder abduction, activation of the lowT muscles may facilitate greater co-activation of the myofascial sling muscles that stabilize the thoracic and lumbar spine. In addition, the lowT muscle fibers are oriented upward and outward, and shoulder abduction angles above 125° may help align the muscle movement lines with the muscle fiber lines (Kang et al., 2013). Shoulder extension with less than 90° of abduction contributes to anterior tilting of the scapular motion in the sagittal plane (Borstad and Ludewig, 2002). In contrast, shoulder flexion with more than 100° of shoulder abduction contributes to scapular posterior tilting in the sagittal plane during arm elevation (Borstad and Ludewig, 2002). Therefore, PHE with 125° of shoulder abduction can be performed with posterior tilting of scapular motion by lowT contraction, resulting in greater co-activation of various muscles in the posterior oblique sling muscle such as the MT and GM for serving as guy wires with lumbopelvic stability (McGill, 2015). These results demonstrate the clear effects of shoulder position on pelvic rotational movement.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints among haemodialysis nurses – a comparison between Danish and Swedish samples
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2021
Eva Westergren, Mette Spliid Ludvigsen, Magnus Lindberg
Due to the cross-sectional design and the self-report method for data gathering used in the present study, certain potential biases have to be considered. One primary limitation of the cross-sectional study design is that there is generally no evidence of causal relationships. Hence, we can only draw firm conclusions about the prevalence of, not the cause of, the musculoskeletal complaints reported. The present study may also be prone to non-response bias due to the rather low response rates. The Danish sample, in particular, might not be representative of the population, and the comparisons between countries therefore have to be interpreted with caution. Misclassification or recall bias might be inherent in the study, as musculoskeletal complaints up to 1 year back are to be reported. Previous research has shown that there might be a small risk of misclassification of the location of musculoskeletal complaints. For instance, respondents have reported complaints about neck conditions as shoulder discomfort, which of course could be explained by the fact that the trapezius muscle is involved in these regions [28]. This problem might not apply to the present study, however, as all participants had learned about human anatomy during their nursing education.