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Head and Neck
Published in Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno, Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology, 2018
Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno
Lastly, the contents of the submental triangle of the neck are the submental lymph nodes and the boundaries of this triangle are: lateral, the right and left anterior digastric muscles; inferior, the hyoid bone; superficial (roof), the investing layer of deep cervical fascia; and deep, the mylohyoid muscle (Plate 3.25).
Surgical Anatomy of the Neck
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Laura Warner, Christopher Jennings, John C. Watkinson
The submental triangle is a single midline triangle located inferior to the mental process of the mandible in the upper neck, as opposed to the other triangles which are paired on each side of the neck. The boundaries are the anterior bellies of digastric laterally and the body of the hyoid bone inferiorly. The mylohyoid muscle forms the floor of the triangle. The contents include fatty tissue, level Ia lymph nodes and small veins that drain into the anterior jugular veins.
Pharynx, Larynx and Neck
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
extends from the inferior border of the mandible to the sternum below, and is bounded by the midline and the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The posterior triangle extends backwards to the anterior border of the trapezius muscle and inferiorly to the clavicle. The upper part of the anterior triangle, above the hyoid bone, is commonly subdivided into the submandibular triangle above the digastric muscle and the submental triangle below. The lymphatic drainage of the head and neck is of considerable clinical importance (Figure47.7). The most important chain of nodes are the jugular nodes (also called cervical), which run adjacent to the internal jugular vein. The other main groups are the submental, submandibular, pre- and postauricular, occipital and posterior triangle nodes.
Clinical Efficacy of Intraoperative Ultrasound for Prophylactic Lymphadenectomy of the Lateral Cervical Neck in Stage CN0 Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Prospective Study
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2023
Yi Shen, Xiaoen Li, Lingling Tao, Yupan Chen, Rongli Xie
The American Head and Neck Society and the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery’s standards [25] were followed for the Neck Dissection Classification: lymph nodes in the submental triangle at Level IA; lymph nodes in the digastric muscle’s anterior and posterior belly and the body of the mandible at Level IB; and lymph nodes at Level IIA, where the anterior boundary is the stylohyoid muscle and the posterior boundary is a vertical plane determined by the spinal accessory nerve; the sternocleidomastoid muscle’s posterior border serves as the level IIB’s posterior boundary, while the spinal accessory nerve’s vertical plane serves as the level IIB’s anterior boundary; Level III, middle jugular group: lymph nodes situated around the internal jugular vein’s middle third; Level IV, lower jugular group: lymph nodes around the internal jugular vein’s bottom third; Level V, posterior jugular triangle lymph nodes, which are situated along the transverse cervical artery and the lower portion of the spinal accessory nerve; precricoid lymph node, perithyroidal lymph nodes, paratracheal lymph nodes, and lymph nodes along the recurrent laryngeal nerve are all included in the Level VI, anterior compartment group, which surrounds the central visceral tissues of the neck; The pretracheal, paratracheal, and esophageal groove lymph nodes are included in the Level VII, superior mediastinal group.
Sports Related Concussion Impacts Speech Rate and Muscle Physiology
Published in Brain Injury, 2021
Russell E. Banks, Deryk S. Beal, Eric J. Hunter
The speech audio signals were recorded using an omnidirectional head-mounted microphone (M80, Glottal Enterprise, Syracuse, NY, USA) connected to a digital audio recorder (Roland R-05, 44,100 Hz, 24-bit, wav file). The microphone was placed 3–4 cm from the side of the mouth (outside the primary airstream). A wireless micro sEMG system (Trigno; www.delsys.com/products/wireless-emg) was used to detect speech motor muscle activation and electrical activity. A PowerLab 8/35 (ADInstruments, New South Wales, Australia) interfaced with the sEMG system and the digital audio recorder to simultaneously sample all signals which were recorded on a laptop computer running LabChart 10.1 software. The sEMG sensors (see Figure 1) were attached to the skin on the obicularis oris (OO), masseter (MAS), and submental triangle (ST; where tongue muscle activation can be measured) with manufacturer-supplied hypoallergenic adhesives. Sensor placement was guided by standard research practices for recording both normal and disordered speech (24–26). Prior to sEMG placement, the location was prepared per standard practices (e.g. cleaned, lightly abraded) (24,26).
Evaluation Criteria and Surgical Technique for Transoral Access to the Thyroid Gland: Experimental Study
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2019
Alexander M. Shulutko, Vasiliy I. Semikov, Elkhan G. Osmanov, Sergey E. Gryaznov, Anna V. Gorbacheva, Alla R. Patalova, Gaukhar T. Mansurova, Airazat M. Kazaryan
The suggestion proposed during the surgical access modeling (that the shape of the mandible basal arch may influence the formation of the surgical tunnel and the manipulations in the anterior segments of the neck) was proven by the experiment. Thus, in the cases of a long and narrow shape of the mandible (basilar prognathism), due to the presence of a sharp angle between the external surface of the mandible body and the submental area, accessing the submental triangle was 18 ± 3 min longer than in objects with a short and wide mandible (<0.0001). See details in Table 1. To our opinion in the first variant there was also the higher possibility of damaging the skin in the chin area due to the greater tension along with the possibility of creating a wrong direction tunnel on the anterior surface of the neck instead of going under the platysma muscle. But this opinion is only preliminary and we damaged the skin in the chin area only in 1 case on the second cadaver.