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Techniques for Chest Radiography, Fluoroscopy, Tomography (including CT and MR) and Ultrasound
Published in Fred W Wright, Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
A great advantage of MR over CT, is that any plane may be portrayed by MR in the same detail, whereas with most CT reconstructions, in any but the axial plane, are less detailed. The axial plane is comparable to CT for the mediastinum, though poor for the lungs, whilst the coronal corresponds to plain chest radiographs or AP tomograms. The sagittal plane is excellent for the spine and spinal cord.
Ultrasound in Assisted Reproductive Technology: Anatomy and Core Examination Skills
Published in Arianna D'Angelo, Nazar N. Amso, Ultrasound in Assisted Reproduction and Early Pregnancy, 2020
The sagittal plane, also referred to as median or longitudinal, runs along the long axis of the body dividing it into right and left halves and is at right angles to both the coronal, also called frontal, and transverse planes. These respectively divide the body into front and back parts and upper and lower parts (Figure 1.1) [7].
Ocular
Published in Marsha A. Elkhunovich, Tarina L. Kang, Courtney Brennan, Kathryn Pade, Rashida Campwala, Jessica Rankin, Kristin Berona, Courtney Brennan, Pediatric Emergency Ultrasound, 2020
Marsha A. Elkhunovich, Tarina L. Kang, Courtney Brennan, Kathryn Pade, Rashida Campwala, Jessica Rankin, Kristin Berona, Courtney Brennan
Scan in two planes: Transverse plane = probe indicator pointing temporally on the patient fanning cephalad to caudad; have patient move eyes left to right during exam.Sagittal plane = probe indicator pointing toward forehead, fanning left to right; have patient move eyes cephalad to caudad during the exam.
Normative orbital measurements in an Australian cohort on computed tomography
Published in Orbit, 2023
Khizar Rana, Valerie Juniat, Wen Yong, Sandy Patel, Dinesh Selva
The superior oblique muscle was measured on a coronal plane perpendicular to the muscle belly. The inferior oblique was measured on a coronal plane and a quasi-sagittal plane parallel to the orbital axis, below the centre of the inferior rectus tendon. Similarly, by using high-resolution CT orbit studies, we were able to reconstruct the quasi-sagittal plane and measure the inferior oblique muscle under the centre of the inferior rectus tendon. Previous MRI studies measuring the inferior oblique muscle have used quasi-sagittal sequences with a higher 2–3 mm slice thickness.16,17 A 2–3 mm slice thickness would make standardisation of the slice under the inferior rectus tendon less reliable. Additionally, dedicated quasi-sagittal MRI sequences are not widely available and are limited to specific indications.18
Machine learning techniques demonstrating individual movement patterns of the vertebral column: the fingerprint of spinal motion
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Carlo Dindorf, Jürgen Konradi, Claudia Wolf, Bertram Taetz, Gabriele Bleser, Janine Huthwelker, Friederike Werthmann, Philipp Drees, Michael Fröhlich, Ulrich Betz
Figure 5a shows the validation set accuracy during the sequential feature selection of the features calculated using ROM, Min, and Max. It is noticeable that an increase in the subset size led to higher accuracy. With nine features, 100% accuracy for the validation set (True: 402, False: 0) and 95.33% accuracy for the test set (True: 143, False: 7) were achieved. According to when they were included during the sequential feature selection, the features based on T3 followed by L4 and T8 movement in the sagittal plane show the highest feature importance (visualizations are additionally presented in the online Supplementary Materials). Most of the features with the highest importance relate to movement in the sagittal plane (except for L3 movement in the frontal plane and T5 movement in the transversal plane). Figure 5b uses the top two features for plotting the test subjects in a 2 D space. Using these features, the accuracy of the validation set is 33.08% (True: 133, False: 269) and on the test set 25.33% (True: 38, False: 112). Overlapping subjects are present in the respective 2 D space. However, some subjects are well separated from the others (e.g. B, H, J, P, and Q), although only two features were used.
Effect of simulated sensorimotor noise on kinematic variability and stability of a biped walking model
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2021
Sina Mehdizadeh, Paul S. Glazier
As greater active control is required for maintaining gait lateral stability, several of the aforementioned experimental studies focused primarily on lateral stability. However, the control of stability in the anterior-posterior direction (i.e. sagittal plane stability) is also important for at least two reasons. First, it is highly unlikely that control of gait sagittal stability is completely passive and free of active involvement of the central nervous system. Indeed, both active and passive mechanisms might contribute to preserve stability in both planes of movement although more active control is required in the frontal plane. Second, tripping, which is a common cause of falls (Tinetti et al. 1988), occurs mainly in the sagittal plane, highlighting the role of body mechanics (e.g. angular momentum) in controlling sagittal plane stability in walking. Several studies, thus, have used the passive walking models to investigate sagittal plane stability during walking (Su and Dingwell 2007; Bruijn et al. 2012; Mehdizadeh and Sanjari 2017). For example, Bruijn et al. (2012) demonstrated a direct relationship between stability in the sagittal plane and fall risk using a passive dynamic walker model. These studies indicate that the passive dynamic model is a valid model for studying gait stability.