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Published in Bobby Krishnachetty, Abdul Syed, Harriet Scott, Applied Anatomy for the FRCA, 2020
Bobby Krishnachetty, Abdul Syed, Harriet Scott
The level depicts the autonomic supply to the biggest reservoir of blood, the splanchnic circulation. The greater splanchnic nerve arises at T5–T9, and any lesions above T6 allow the strong uninhibited sympathetic tone to constrict the splanchnic bed causing systemic hypertension. Lesions below T6 results in a good parasympathetic inhibitory control and prevents hypertension.
A Protective Role for Vagal Afferents: An Hypothesis
Published in Sue Ritter, Robert C. Ritter, Charles D. Barnes, Neuroanatomy and Physiology of Abdominal Vagal Afferents, 2020
There is a considerable body of evidence demonstrating a role for putative antral and duodenal mucosal vagal afferents in the activation of the emetic pathways: Electrical stimulation of the central end of the abdominal vagus, but not of the greater splanchnic nerve, induces emesis.7There is an emetic response to intra-gastric administration of hypertonic solutions or copper sulphate.8Vomiting induced by the common food poisoning bacterium Staphylococcus is reduced or abolished by abdominal denervation.37Vomiting induced by total body irradiation and systemically administered cytotoxic drugs can be reduced or abolished by abdominal vagotomy but not by greater splanchnic nerve section,8 indicating that these stimuli act by vagal afferent activation.8 These and other studies led to the proposal that 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists, used as selective anti-emetic agents against radio- and chemotherapy induced emesis, have a vagal afferent site of action.14
Sympathetic Neural Blockade in the Evaluation and Treatment of Pain
Published in Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole, Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
The sympathetic innervation of the abdominal viscera originates in the anterolateral horn of the spinal cord. Preganglionic fibers from T5–T12 exit the spinal cord in conjunction with the ventral roots to join the white communicating rami on their way to the sympathetic chain. Rather than synapsing with the sympathetic chain, these preganglionic fibers pass through it to ultimately synapse on the celiac ganglia. The greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves provide the major preganglionic contribution to the celiac plexus. The greater splanchnic nerve has its origin from the T5–T10 spinal roots. The nerve travels along the thoracic paravertebral border through the crus of the diaphragm into the abdominal cavity, ending on the celiac ganglion of its respective side. The lesser splanchnic nerve arises from the T10–T11 roots and passes with the greater nerve to end at the celiac ganglion. The least splanchnic nerve arises from the T11–T12 spinal roots and passes through the diaphragm to the celiac ganglion.
The neural pathway of the hyperthermic response to antagonists of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 channel
Published in Temperature, 2023
Andras Garami, Alexandre A. Steiner, Eszter Pakai, Samuel P. Wanner, M. Camila Almeida, Patrik Keringer, Daniela L. Oliveira, Kazuhiro Nakamura, Shaun F. Morrison, Andrej A. Romanovsky
Since bilateral transection of the greater splanchnic nerve did not block the hyperthermic response to AMG0347 (Experiment 3), we know that the spinally transmitted signals that drive TRPV1 antagonist-induced hyperthermia do not reach the spinal cord through the greater splanchnic. A priori, the lesser, least, lumbar, and pelvic splanchnic nerves may be involved, but all of them are much smaller than the greater splanchnic nerve and service the relatively small amount of tissue in various organs at the bottom of the abdominal cavity [9,10]. Furthermore, among the splanchnic nerves, both the level of TRPV1 expression and the percentage of capsaicin-sensitive fibers generally decrease in the caudal direction, from the greater nerve to the pelvic one [14].
Malnutrition during late pregnancy exacerbates high-fat-diet-induced metabolic dysfunction associated with lower sympathetic nerve tonus in adult rat offspring
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2020
Renan de Oliveira Venci, Gabriel Bortoli Ramos, Isabela Peixoto Martins, Camila Cristina Ianoni Matiusso, Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra, Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro, Audrei Pavanello, Kelly Valério Prates, Laize Peron Tófolo, Ana Maria Praxedes de Moraes, Gabriel Sergio Fabricio, Júlio Cezar de Oliveira, Claudinéia Conationi da Silva Franco, Kesia Palma-Rigo, Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias, Ananda Malta
The branch of the sympathetic nerve from the lumbar plexus that innervates the retroperitoneal white fat tissue, which is referred to as the greater splanchnic nerve, was dissected from another batch of anesthetized rats from all experimental groups as described above. A pair of electrodes was placed under the greater splanchnic nerve, close to the retroperitoneal area, and the firing rates of the nerve were obtained as described previously for the vagus nerve.31