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Substantive Issues in Running
Published in Christopher L. Vaughan, Biomechanics of Sport, 2020
Carol A. Putnam, John W. Kozey
Clinical evidence points to possible mechanisms of achilles tendon injury, but there is insufficient information on muscle-length time histories or muscle force-time histories to verify either of these two mechanisms. The two differing views on the mechanism of achilles tendinitis may stem from the fact that attention has been focused on either the frontal or sagittal plane, whereas a true three-dimensional analysis may be more appropriate.
Musculoskeletal system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Heel pain – plantar fasciitis is inflammatory thickening of the plantar fascia, usually at the origin from the calcaneum and is a common cause of heel pain. The diagnosis is usually clinical but in refractory cases ultrasound can be used to confirm the diagnosis, exclude other conditions such as plantar fibroma or fibromatosis or to guide steroid injection. Achilles tendon pathology is another common cause of heel pain located posteriorly. Chronic tendinopathy is very common as the Achilles tendon also carries a major load during ambulation and is subject to acute inflammation or tears sometimes related to relatively trivial trauma. Ultrasound and MRI can establish the diagnosis of tendinopathy and assess the presence of tears. Partial or complete rupture can be assessed. Dynamic ultrasound can also assess the tendon gap in complete rupture.
Case 49
Published in Edward Schwarz, Tomos Richards, Cases of a Hollywood Doctor, 2019
Edward Schwarz, Tomos Richards
An Achilles tendon rupture is a clinical diagnosis based on the history and examination, especially the calf squeeze test. This is also known as ‘Simmond’s test’ or ‘Thompson’s test’. (Interestingly, Simmond’s described this test several years before but it is widely called the ‘Thompson’s test’.) This is a way of assessing the integrity of the tendon. The patient lies in the prone position on a bed, or kneels on a chair facing backwards, with their feet slightly hanging off the end. On squeezing the calf, a normal intact tendon will plantar-flex the foot. Absence of this movement suggests an Achilles tendon rupture. In any cases of uncertainty, an ultrasound scan or even MRI may aid the diagnosis.
Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles questionnaire (VISA-A)
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Milad Bahari, Mohammad Hadadi, Amir Reza Vosoughi, Amin Kordi Yoosefinejad, Sobhan Sobhani
Achilles tendinopathy is a common debilitating overuse injury [1] with degenerative essence [2,3] that usually manifests insidiously affecting Achilles tendon. The triad of clinical symptoms includes pain, diffuse or local swelling in and around Achilles tendon accompanied by impaired performance [4]. Achilles tendinopathy is a major cause of a significant reduction in the level of physical activity that may be detrimental for general well-being and may eventually cause disability [5,6] According to the anatomic sites of involvement Achilles tendinopathy can be classified as mid-portional tendinopathy where pain occurs 2–6 cm proximal to the calcaneal bone, or insertional tendinopathy, where symptoms occur at the insertion site of the Achilles tendon [7]. Most of the patients are competitive athletes or physically active individuals [1] and it is reported that 8–15% of all Achilles tendon injuries are seen in recreational runners [4,8–10]. However, those who are less active and have a sedentary lifestyle are not immune [11]. Some evidence showing that in fact 30% of patients will eventually undergo surgery for the treatment [12]. Achilles tendinopathy has a higher prevalence between the ages of 30 and 50 [13] and it is more reported among men [14].
Higher Rate of Postoperative Complications in Delayed Achilles Tendon Repair Compared to Early Achilles Tendon Repair: A Meta-Analysis
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Shu-Kun He, Jing-Ping Liao, Fu-Guo Huang
The Achilles tendon is one of the common injured tendons, with an incidence of 31 per 100,000 per year, following the rotator cuff tears.1,2 Moreover, Achilles tendon injuries are more common in males and the young to middle aged active population.1,2 The reason of most Achilles tendon injuries is indirect trauma such as sudden stretch or contraction, and the increasing incidence of rupture maybe due to the rise in the number of older adults participating in sports.3 For acute Achilles tendon ruptures, suitable treatment is still controversial. Operative treatment could reduce the incidence of re-rupture compared with conservative treatment.4 However, operative treatment also resulted in a higher risk of other complications (such as infection) than conservative treatment.4
Autologous conditioned serum for degenerative diseases and prospects
Published in Growth Factors, 2021
Seyed Kazem Shakouri, Sanam Dolati, Jessica Santhakumar, Avnesh S. Thakor, Reza Yarani
Rupture of the Achilles tendon is the most common tendon rupture in the adult population. Though conventional and surgical treatment methods are available, recent studies usually recommend surgical procedures (Maquirriain 2011). As a result of frequent and severe complications of Achilles tendon rupture treatments, post-operative additive biological procedures are typically performed (Sarıkaya et al. 2017; YükSel et al. 2015). ACS may be favorable for the treatment of human Achilles tendon injuries and tendinopathies (Genç et al. 2018). ACS treatment increased the expression of collagen I and had a significant effect on the histological appearance and mechanical resistance during tendon regeneration (Majewski et al. 2009). The ACS-treated tendons were thicker, had more type I collagen, and displayed an accelerated recovery of tendon stiffness and histologic maturity of the repair tissue (Geburek et al. 2015).