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Substantive Issues in Running
Published in Christopher L. Vaughan, Biomechanics of Sport, 2020
Carol A. Putnam, John W. Kozey
Motivated by this proposed mechanism of achilles tendinitis, some clinicians have attempted to treat the injury with heel pads to shorten the achilles tendon during the initial part of stance. Lowden et al.128 evaluated the effectiveness of heel pads in patients with achilles tendinitis on the basis of a subjective assessment of pain, tenderness, and swelling as well as certain characteristics of the ground-reaction force recorded during normal walking. The parameters chosen were the two peak-force values during the support phase of walking and the total time of foot contact. Their patients were randomly divided into three groups two of which received different heel pads and a third which was not given heel pads. All groups received stretching and strengthening exercises and ultrasound treatments. Remarkably, they reported significant pre- and posttreatment differences in both the subjective and objective measures in all groups, suggesting that heel pads may not be of any greater benefit than exercise and anti-inflammatory programs.
Photobiomodulation Therapy in Orthopedics
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
Bjordal et al. in Norway carried out a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of PBM (904 nm, 5.4 J per point, 20 mW/cm2) for activated Achilles tendinitis [155]. In addition to clinical assessment, they used microdialysis measurement of peritendinous prostaglandin E2 concentrations. Doppler ultrasonography measurements at baseline showed minor inflammation shown by increased intra-tendinous blood flow and a measurable resistive index. PGE2 concentrations were significantly reduced with PBM vs. placebo. The pressure pain threshold also increased significantly. A systematic review by Nogueira [156] analyzed three studies and concluded that the use of PBM, compared to placebo, was consistently effective in treatment of tendinopathy.
Injuries and risks while lifeguarding
Published in Mike Tipton, Adam Wooler, The Science of Beach Lifeguarding, 2018
Peter Wernicki, Christy Northfield
Running on the beach sand can lead to injuries. Running without footwear decreases biomechanical support. Running on soft sand can cause the heel to sink deeper into the sand, putting increased stress on the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia. Achilles tendonitis and plantar fasciitis are the common result. Patellar tendonitis and shin splints also result from frequent beach running.
Acute generalized pustular bacterid concomitant with erythema nodosum, polyarthritis, and Achilles tendinitis
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2019
Yuki Arita, Hiroaki Taguchi, Ryota Hanada, Toshihiro Tono, Yasuo Ohsone, Utako Okata, Rie Irie, Yutaka Okano
The most probable clinical diagnosis was AGPB and EN. We performed a subsequent skin biopsy in order to confirm the diagnosis and obtained typical histopathological findings of AGPB and EN (Figure 2). Since one of the most prominent features was generalized pustulosis in her clinical manifestations, we focused on the differential diagnosis for other pustule diseases such as palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and pustule psoriasis. Patients with PPP typically do not have systemic symptoms, such as high fever, and their lesions do not have the histopathological features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Patients with AGEP can have generalized plural pustules and histopathological findings of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, but eruption occurs suddenly within 48 h after the administration of drugs, for example, antibiotics, in many cases [2]. Patients with pustular psoriasis should have plaques of erythema. Since this patient had high fever, histological findings of LV, no prior drug administrations, and no plaques of erythema, we concluded that her skin lesions were AGPB. Bilateral Achilles tendinitis was observed on physical examination, but the enthesitis was not confirmed by imaging techniques. Therefore, she was finally diagnosed as having AGPB concomitant with EN and rheumatic manifestations such as polyarthritis and Achilles tendinitis.
Gait-training devices in the treatment of lower extremity injuries in sports medicine: current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2018
Alexandra F. DeJong, Jay Hertel
Prior to beginning a systematic search, we investigated the most prevalent chronic lower extremity gait-related injuries to potentially include into our search. Recent epidemiological literature reflects that medial tibial stress syndrome, tibial stress reactions, exertional compartment syndrome, calf pain, PFP, Achilles tendinitis, plantar fasciitis, iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), and piriformis syndrome are frequent complaints among the running community [9,10]. Thus, we grouped together the first several aforementioned lower leg pathologies into the ERLLP category, and then devised separate search strategies for the remaining injuries. Additionally, we developed search terms for CAI and ACLR populations as these injuries are known to impact gait [11,32]. We narrowed results to the target intervention by grouping the injury terms with gait-training terms. The search terms were entered into the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) with PubMed as well as the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases on 11 April 2018 including all articles published up until the search date. A comprehensive view of the search is depicted in Figure 1(a).
ESWT and nutraceutical supplementation (Tendisulfur Forte) vs ESWT-only in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis, Achilles tendinopathy, and rotator cuff tendinopathy: a comparative study
Published in Journal of Drug Assessment, 2019
Matteo Vitali, Nadim Naim Rodriguez, Pierluigi Pironti, Andreas Drossinos, Gaia Di Carlo, Anshuman Chawla, Fraschini Gianfranco
In the period between January 2017 and September 2018 in our orthopedic outpatient clinic, we recruited 90 patients, divided into groups of 30 patients, for each of the following conditions: Achilles tendinopathy, rotator cuff tendinopathy of the shoulder, and lateral epicondylitis of the elbow. The diagnoses were confirmed through clinical evaluation (pain and functional limitation of the affected joint) as well as radiographic evidence. In particular, Achilles tendinitis and lateral epicondylitis were confirmed by ultrasonography, and shoulder tendinopathy was confirmed by MRI.