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Safety-related electrotechnical control systems
Published in John M. Madden, Electrical Safety and the Law, 2017
At BS EN 61508’s core is the definition and explanation of a safety life cycle. The overall safety life cycle for safety-related control systems is depicted in Figure 17.25. The important attribute of this concept is that it imposes a formal structure on the planning and management of the specification, development, installation, use, maintenance, modification and final disposal phases of the life of safety-related systems.
Scenario-based collision detection using machine learning for highly automated driving systems
Published in Systems Science & Control Engineering, 2023
Marzana Khatun, Rolf Jung, Michael Glaß
Highly Automated Driving (HAD) systems are focusing on approaching a zero-accident rates. The key aspect of road vehicle safety is the HAD system's capability of decision making, prediction and perception, and to act/react according to the environment or situations. Recent technologies applied in HAD systems have had great success in implementing new features for convenience and human safety, but traffic crashes show that the technologies are not yet mature (Devies, 2016; Levin & Carrie, 2018; Stewart, 2018). According to the data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), around 33,654 fatalities are caused by traffic crashes in the United States (Li, 2020). To fulfil the desire for accident-free driving, HAD systems must be able to anticipate critical events or situations and act accordingly. Therefore, new technologies such as Machine Learning (ML) methods are gaining attention in the development of HAD systems and are being used to improve vehicle features and functions. Recent research on HAD systems and/or automated vehicles includes ML for detection (Almutairi & Muneer, 2022), prediction (Theissler et al., 2021), and avoidance functions (Strömgren, 2018) including verification and validation (Borg et al., 2018; Elrofa et al., 2018). However, a systematic approach from the safety-related concept phase to the development phase for HAD systems is not described in detail. The safety-related phases (concept, development) define different stages of the safety life cycle specified in Functional Safety (FuSa) (ISO26262, 2018). Furthermore, the ML related adjacent points in terms of safety argumentation are also not clearly demonstrated.