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Systems Integration Solutions for the Global Enterprise
Published in Michael A. Mische, Reengineering, 2017
Office automation accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s, fueling the explosion of personal computer (PC) hardware and software. Personal productivity products have proliferated in most organizations, raising such issues as software distribution control and piracy, standardization, maintenance, training, technical support, and network capacity. Office automation, having evolved from standalone spreadsheets to groupware technology, now enables empowered teams of workers to collaborate on projects effectively. Inherently workstation based, the control of office automation applications has remained typically outside the control of the information management services function in many companies; therefore, such applications are therefore difficult to count and manage. However, standards improve buying power, reduce support and training costs, and allow a higher degree of integration. In effect, then, “the best offense is a good defense.”
Managing the User Interface
Published in Steven F. Blanding, Enterprise Operations Management, 2020
When PCs and local networks first became practical tools of office automation, there was a great deal of concern about loss of data integrity and security. Time has proved that departmental processing is the most efficient, effective way to run the organization’s business. PC software has broadened the scope of user productivity and lessened the demands on mainframes and development staff. The original concern resulted from a fear of loss of control and power, which is only natural. Many clients will express such fears when IS begins to change things.
Designing Innovative Business Systems through Reengineering
Published in Jay Liebowitz, The Handbook of Applied Expert Systems, 2019
Powerful system navigation and information exploration tools are available that use flexible keyword search, hypermedia, dynamic visual querying, and tree maps (Shneiderman, 1992). Every employee is provided with a suite of standard office automation software, including text processing, presentation graphics, spreadsheets, relational DBMS, calendaring, meeting schedulers, Web browsers, E-mail, voice-mail, and fax-mail. This standard software should be integrated with the custom IS.
Industry 4.0 technologies: critical success factors for implementation and improvements in manufacturing companies
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2023
Rossella Pozzi, Tommaso Rossi, Raffaele Secchi
Literature on critical factors for successful implementation of Industry 4.0 is limited to a few recent studies and results are difficult to compare and summarise because of different methodologies and focuses. It is, however, useful to extend the theoretical base of this study to the vast and consolidated body of literature on the implementation of advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT). In fact, AMT has been used as an umbrella term that comprises technologies supporting design activities (such as computer-aided design, engineering and process planning), manufacturing activities (such as computer-aided manufacturing, robotics, group technology, flexible manufacturing systems, automated material handling systems and computerised numerical control machines) and control activities [including electronic data interchange, office automation, bar coding, decision support systems, enterprise resource planning systems (ERP)] (Kaplinsky 1984; Meredith 1987; Lei and Goldhar 1991; Boyer, Ward, and Leong 1996; Jonsson 2000).
Novel approaches towards slope and slant correction for tri-script handwritten word images
Published in The Imaging Science Journal, 2019
Radib Kar, Souvik Saha, Suman Kumar Bera, Ergina Kavallieratou, Vikrant Bhateja, Ram Sarkar
Optical character recognition (OCR) is an important activity in designing the office automation system which facilitates printed or handwritten document to be automatically read by the computer [1,2]. As an unconstrained document is usually dominated with a set of degradations, pre-processing becomes a very essential step to build an appropriate OCR system. It includes several steps like noise removal, image enhancement and image normalization for overcoming the unwanted variations [3]. Normalization indeed includes various pre-processing steps like binarization, skew correction and slant correction. In this paper, we have mainly focused on two important pre-processing steps namely skew and slant corrections of handwritten text words [4,5]. For slope correction, the input word is rotated so that its base-line becomes aligned to the horizontal axis, whereas for slant correction input word is sheared with respect to its centroid so that the strokes supposed to be vertical become vertical. Slant and slope depend on various things such as writer, script. It is also worth mentioning that slant and slope have different nature for printed documents and handwritten ones. In case of printed text, slant and slope appear uniformly, while the second one does not ensure such. Moreover, different languages have different types of alphabet set that means different typefaces, and even some scripts are ‘Matra’ based (def.: a distinctive horizontal line running along the tops of characters that links them together is known as ‘Matra’). It is also observed that stroke styles of characters are different for different scripts, thus it is evident that script itself arrives as a very challenging obstacle [6]. Hence it would be very advantageous that the slant and slope removal methods work on multi-script, rather say it should be script independent. Challenges also arrive in case of slant removal because of writers’ different tendencies, different moods and varied writing styles. In case of historical documents, most of the writers maintained uniform slant throughout their writing, but now most of the writers do not maintain uniform slant, but non-uniform slant removal is more challenging. Such are also applicable in case of slope-based challenges. It has been observed that people write texts with different slope for different text lines, even some do this for different words in a particular text line producing more challenges.