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Electric vehicle technology
Published in V.S.K.V. Harish, Amit Vilas Sant, Arun Kumar, Renewable Energy Integration with Building Energy Systems, 2022
Arpit J. Patel, Chaitali Mehta, Ojaswini A. Sharma, Amit V. Sant, V.S.K.V. Harish
Vehicle to grid (V2G) technology has been developed to utilize the electrical energy stored in an idle electric vehicle battery or any other energy storage device. It can assist with increased energy demands during peak load hours, maintain grid stability, avoid the need for peak power plants, etc. Further, it can help increase the indirect penetration of renewable energy sources when used for charging electric vehicle batteries. V2G can be defined as the transfer of power or energy from an electric vehicle battery to the grid using suitable power electronic converters for the purpose of managing load demand. Energy or power transfer using the V2G technique can be divided into four sections, as shown in Figure 6.8. Extracting power from an electric vehicle batteryPower electronic convertersControl and measuring unitsTransformers for injecting power into the grid
Power Electronics for Wireless Charging of Future Electric Vehicles
Published in Md. Rabiul Islam, Md. Rakibuzzaman Shah, Mohd Hasan Ali, Emerging Power Converters for Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles, 2021
Deepak Ronanki, Phuoc Sang Huynh, Sheldon S. Williamson
Another stimulating research area is bidirectional power flow, in integration with multiple energy sources such as solar, wind, fuel, and supercapacitors. Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) takes EVs as a movable backup energy source, which can effectively improve the quality and reliability of the grid by providing grid support services, such as peak shaving, and voltage control. In combination with the bidirectional wireless power transfer systems, solar-based EV wireless vehicle charging (S2V) systems is a bridge to further integrate this type of renewable energy into the power system. However, these areas are still under research, which further attention and investigation for developing advanced power electronic converter topologies and control schemes must comply with future IPT charging standards. Developing converter topologies, energy management systems, and control schemes, which can work in multiple operating modes, is a challenging task and has a more significant trend in the near future.
Introduction
Published in L. Ashok Kumar, S. Albert Alexander, Power Converters for Electric Vehicles, 2020
L. Ashok Kumar, S. Albert Alexander
On the plus side, EVs can prove to be quite useful to the power systems in a number of ways: Smart grid: In the smart grid system, intelligent communication and decision-making are incorporated with the grid architecture. Smart grid is highly regarded as the future of power grids and offers a vast array of advantages to maintain reliable power supply and advanced control. In such a system, the much coveted coordinated charging is easily achievable as interaction with the grid system becomes very much convenient even from the user end. The interaction of EVs and smart grid can facilitate opportunities like V2G and better integration of renewable energy. In fact, EV is one the eight priorities listed to create an efficient smart grid [117].V2G: V2G or vehicle to grid is a method where the EV can provide power to the grid. In this system, the vehicles act as loads when they are drawing energy and then can become dynamic energy storages by feeding back the energy to the grid. In coordinated charging, the EV loads are applied in the valley points of the load curve, in V2G; EVs can act as power sources to provide during peak hours.
Integrating vehicle-to-grid contract design with power dispatching optimisation: managerial insights, and carbon footprints mitigation
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2022
Zihao Jiao, Ying Yin, Lun Ran, Zhen Gao
Motivated by the above envisagements, the game-changing technology: Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) brings a new opportunity that helps balance the overload of the power grid and potentially making EV owners money. V2G is the technology that enables bidirectional charging, where EVs can both charge from and discharge into the grid–at present, leading V2G industry players to contain Ensto, AC Propulsion, Coritech Services (Ensto 2019). With V2G, EVs can play the same role as static batteries in managing local loads and participating in energy market value streams. Recent reports and studies have shown the distinctive advantages of V2G on the economy and environment. A previous V2G pilot indicated that EVs could earn around €69 a month using the batteries to help balance supply and demand of power grid (Deign 2018). Another investigation in the UK showed that a 4 kWh electric battery could provide a third of the energy needs for a typical home in the UK (Eric Schmidt 2017). The energy can save from the grid by using EVs when people are at work and running errands to power other buildings as a part of the new grid infrastructure.
Effect of consumer environmental propensity and innovative propensity on intention to purchase electric vehicles: Applying an extended theory of planned behavior
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2021
Increasing greenhouse gas emissions pose a serious threat to humanity due to global warming and climate change (Gardner & Stern, 2002). 23% of carbon dioxide emissions, a major source of greenhouse gases, are attributed to the transport sector, of which 75% are caused by road traffic (Degirmenci & Breitner, 2017). Businesses and governments have recognized the seriousness of air pollution caused by vehicles, proposing the adoption of alternative fuel vehicles—including electric vehicles (EVs)—as a solution (White & Sintov, 2017). With the recent vehicle-to-grid (V2G) concept, an EV can operate as a moving energy storage system that can charge through a smart grid and discharge electricity back to the grid, hence further enhancing energy efficiency (Tan et al., 2016). V2G is a type of smart grid technology implemented in developed countries, such as the United States, Japan, Denmark, and the United Kingdom (Wikipedia, 2020). An EV is a revolutionary product that not only has high fuel economy that benefit users but also creates power-related value-added services, such as power grid regulation, peak load shaving, and reactive power compensation that enhance businesses (Tan et al., 2016; White & Sintov, 2017). Thus, an EV is an environmental-innovative product that has the potential to reduce transportation-sector environmental problems. Moreover, its adoption represents both environmentally-friendly and innovation-adoption behavior (Adnan et al., 2017; Liao et al., 2017; White & Sintov, 2017).
Smart city data architecture for energy prosumption in municipalities: concepts, requirements, and future directions
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2020
Therefore, EV transition is predicted to enhance energy security and trade balance of states by reducing oil import as well as facilitates the utilization of renewable energy and batteries of EV as energy storage. Hence, the electrification of vehicles has been prioritized in several European countries (Dijk, Orsato, and Kemp 2013). Additionally, EV owners can further generate their own energy from solar PV panels installed on their own homes. The energy generated from renewable sources can be commercialized to community neighborhood within the smart grid or used by the homeowner (Bellekom, Arentsen, and van Gorkum 2016; Kotilainen, Mäkinen, and Valta 2017), as seen in Figure 4. Such flexibility presents prospect for improving the orchestration of the entire electric systems. EV can be deployed to reserve and supply energy based on bidirectional energy transmission between the vehicle, home or smart grid, usually referred to as V2 G. Thus, Vehicle-to-Grid (V2 G) can boost the income for EV owners, promoting its adoption, and improving the stability of smart grid (da Silva and Santiago, 2019).