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Waste Minimization in Historical Perspective
Published in John M. Bell, Proceedings of the 43rd Industrial Waste Conference May 10, 11, 12, 1988, 1989
In the United States where raw material shortages were less acute during the war years, conservation of natural resources became the motivating force for waste reclamation drives which persisted into the 1920s. Factory managers were advised to salvage scrap materials in an orderly fashion, to monitor equipment to avoid energy loss, and to analyze wastes for possible marketable products. 17–19Thus the conservation ethic was fostered by natural resource shortages during the First World War and promoted limited achievements in the reduction of industrial wastes before 1930.
Sustainable Supply Chain Operations in the Circular Economy
Published in Ifeyinwa Juliet Orji, Frank Ojadi, The Circular Supply Chain, 2023
Ifeyinwa Juliet Orji, Frank Ojadi
Intuitively, introducing reverse logistics requires a significant process, product and distribution channel redesigns that imply complex interactions between the firm and the other participants in the supply chain and value chain. Additionally, regulations increasingly induce firms to take responsibility for the packaging and products that reach their end of life to achieve environmental benefits. Nevertheless, implementing reverse logistics can help firms to achieve not only environmental goals but also economic goals. Indeed, reverse logistics can result in economic benefits. Such benefits include savings from the reuse of low-cost inputs at a fraction of the manufacturing costs from raw materials, the recovery of the value still integrated in the used product, the reduced transportation and disposal costs and the revenue generated by the sale of salvaged materials. Likewise, firms that aspire to innovate their logistics by re-designing their processes need to collaborate with both supply chain partners and non-industry partners. Collaboration may imply sharing decisions in planning and inventory management; information on market demand, in-transit items, inventory levels and other operational aspects and visibility on the entire remanufacturing process. Circular economy relies on collaboration between accountable stakeholders and this is enabled by close supply chain collaboration with partners within and beyond their immediate industrial boundaries, including suppliers, product designers and regulators. The importance of collaboration is also to increase transparency and create joint value internally within organizations. As such, logistics imposes inter-organizational collaboration since a firm cannot fully implement reverse logistics on its own.
Design for deconstruction using a circular economy approach: barriers and strategies for improvement
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2020
Olugbenga Akinade, Lukumon Oyedele, Ahmed Oyedele, Juan Manuel Davila Delgado, Muhammad Bilal, Lukman Akanbi, Anuoluwapo Ajayi, Hakeem Owolabi
Another impeding factor identified from the study is that the existing market for salvaged products (recycled and reusable) is not large enough. This finding confirms existing research works that existing market for salvaged products is marginal (Addis 2008; Gorgolewski 2008; Tatiya et al. 2017; Tingley and Davison 2011). Evidence suggests that the success of building deconstruction and the reuse of components depend on the supply/demand dynamics of salvaged materials (Godichaud et al. 2012). The supply and demand dynamics include the source control, availability of distribution point for material sales, quality assurance, product standardisation and specification, product certification, ease of material transportation, availability of storage facilities, access to market, etc. This means that the provisioning of a sustainable route to market for salvaged material is important. In the same way, the opening of the market will require that salvaged components are also specified during design. However, enough attention is not given to the specification of salvaged components at the design because of the current negative perception about recovered materials. The participants in FGI-2 argued that: “Do you think that people will design buildings that could be deconstructed when industry practitioners have huge concerns about the specifying recovered materials? [FGI 2]”. Another barrier to the adoption of DfD is the concerns about the aesthetic degradation of recovered products. It was highlighted that clients place emphasis on the forms and aesthetics of building and specifying recovered materials could compromise both.