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Representation of Machine Elements
Published in Ken Morling, Stéphane Danjou, Geometric and Engineering Drawing, 2022
A rivet is used to join two or more pieces of material together permanently. The enormous advances in welding and brazing techniques and the rapidly increasing use of bonding materials have led to a slight decline in the use of rivets. However, they remain an effective method of joining materials together, and, unlike welding and bonding, require very little special equipment or expensive tools when used on a small scale.
Joining Technologies
Published in Raghu Echempati, Primer on Automotive Lightweighting Technologies, 2021
Rivets are somewhat permanent mechanical fasteners which clamp two or more material layers together. Riveting is a safe and easy-to-apply technique, also applicable to mixed material joints. Pneumatic, hydraulic, manual, or electromagnetic processes are all highly effective in driving the rivets. Assembly systems range from hand tools and simple workstations to fully automated systems. Rivet technologies can be subdivided into two groups: Rivet systems requiring prepunched holesSelf-piercing systems which do not require prepunched holes
Case Studies
Published in Sheila Anand, L. Priya, A Guide for Machine Vision in Quality Control, 2019
This case study illustrates the surface inspection of a part. The part to be inspected is an aluminum rivet shown in Figure 6.3. The rivet is used to join mechanical parts to form a larger machine part. A rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite to the head is called the tail. During installation, the rivet is placed in a punched or drilled hole and hammered in. Inspection of the rivet’s appearance can give a good indication of the quality of the part. In this case study, the surface smoothness is checked to verify if there are burrs or scratches present on the surface. Hence, this task can be categorized as surface inspection.
Improved finite element model updating of a full-scale steel bridge using sensitivity analysis
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2022
Bjørn T. Svendsen, Øyvind W. Petersen, Gunnstein T. Frøseth, Anders Rønnquist
In addition to the abovementioned, additional uncertainties inherent in the model parameterisation of the chosen parameter types are considered. First, all secondary steel and structural details are excluded or represented as mass in the numerical model. Second, all joints in the bridge are riveted. However, the flexibility of these joints is prone to high uncertainty based on operational wear during the bridge service life. An imprecision in the rivet connections and a deviation in the intended behaviour of individual rivets caused by damage result in unwanted joint flexibility and the possibility of nonlinear behaviour during loading. Third, unwanted joint behaviour and damage in the structural details of the bridge, particularly in the bridge deck, is likely caused by fatigue damage, which is common in these types of bridges (Haghani, Al-Emrani, & Heshmati, 2012). Fourth, effective beam lengths comprise uncertainty. Last, the material properties of steel that is more than 100 years old comprise uncertainty. Notably, there is a systematic error due to the difference between the measurements and the numerical model caused by meshing. Altogether, these uncertainties are also taken into consideration through the model parameterisation. Several of the uncertainties mentioned are difficult to quantify and thus represent in a numerical model, resulting in the need for introducing model simplifications.
A Study on the Evolution in Design and Calculation of Iron and Steel Structures over the Mid 19th Century in Western and Central Europe
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2018
L. Schueremans, H. Porcher, B. Rossi, I. Wouters, E. Verstrynge
The most common riveting technique at the end of the 19th century was hot driving. First, rivet holes were punched or drilled, after which a hot rivet, consisting of a shank longer than the thickness of the plates to be assembled and a rivet head, was inserted and the riveter formed the second head with a hammer and a mould or a mechanical riveting machine. Five persons where thus required to insert rivets on field, called the “riveting gang of five”, one to tend a small furnace, two to toss and catch the heated rivet and one for each side of the rivet, to hold it in place and to hammer the second rivet head (Collette 2014; Leslie 2010). The rivet shrank when cooled which clamped the plates together; this process is shown in Figure 8. The friction between the plates due to the cooling and the shear strength of the rivets provide the necessary strength to the connection (Collette 2014; Gallegos 2016).