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Vessel logistics and shipping operations management
Published in Dong-Ping Song, Container Logistics and Maritime Transport, 2021
Liquefied gas carriers are highly specialised purpose-built vessels, which are designed to carry liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG) under high pressure. The cargo tanks are generally spherical for strength. LNG carriers are usually larger than those carrying LPG. The largest LNG carriers have a capacity of up to 266,000 cubic metres.
Natural Gas Purchasing
Published in Stephen A. Roosa, Steve Doty, Wayne C. Turner, Energy Management Handbook, 2020
Stephen A. Roosa, Carol Freedenthal
Natural gas, while normally transported in pipelines, can be shipped as liquefied natural gas (LNG). Natural gas in the producing country is cooled to about minus 260°F and compressed until it is liquid. The reduction in volume is roughly 600 times less than the original volume. The liquefied gas is then economically sized for shipping worldwide and is transported between countries in large vessels that are cryogenically insulated, floating containers. The LNG is received at terminals in the U.S. and worldwide, where it is revaporized to gas.
Terms and Definitions
Published in Rick Houghton, William Bennett, Emergency Characterization of Unknown Materials, 2020
Rick Houghton, William Bennett
Gases are the most mobile of the three phases. Gases exist as individual molecules and do not cling to each other as vapors do. Gases are obviously inhalation hazards, but are the easiest to dissipate in air. Gases can simultaneously exist as liquid under pressure, which is called “liquefied gas” – for example, liquefied petroleum gas.
Full-scale collapse testing of a steel stiffened plate structure under axial-compressive loading at a temperature of −80°C
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2021
Jeom Kee Paik, Dong Hun Lee, Dae Kyeom Park, Jonas W. Ringsberg
Steel stiffened panels are used in naval, offshore, mechanical and civil engineering structures as primary strength members of ships, offshore structures and bridges. They are rarely exposed to low temperatures or cryogenic condition due to unwanted release of liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) or liquefied hydrogen (Paik 2019, Paik et al. 2020b). Ultimate strength is dealt with as a primary criterion of structural design (Hughes and Paik 2013, Paik 2018), and thus it is important to characterise the effect of low temperatures on the ultimate strength of steel stiffened panels, among other parameters.