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Combustion Gas Turbines
Published in Neil Petchers, Combined Heating, Cooling & Power Handbook: Technologies & Applications, 2020
Intercooling cycle: As shown in Figure 10-61, with intercooling, the compressor is split into two or more sections to decrease the average temperature of the air in the compressor. An intercooler is simply a heat exchanger through which air exiting the low-pressure compressor passes before entering the high-pressure compressor. Typically, compressor discharge temperatures are about 900 to 1,000°F (482 to 538°C). By cooling the air at an intermediate point in the compression cycle, the outlet temperature is reduced by a few hundred degrees, air density is increased, and compression power is reduced.
Force-System Resultants and Equilibrium
Published in Richard C. Dorf, The Engineering Handbook, 2018
Intercooling also involves use of a heat exchanger. An intercooler is a heat exchanger that cools compressor gas during the compression process. For instance, if the compressor consists of a high- and a low-pressure unit, the intercooler could be mounted between them to cool the flow and decrease the work necessary for compression in the high-pressure compressor. The cooling fluid could be atmospheric air or water (e.g., sea water in the case of a marine gas turbine). It can be shown that net work output of a given gas turbine is increased with a well-designed intercooler. Recent studies of gas turbines equipped with extensive turbine convective and film cooling show that intercooling can also allow increases in thermal efficiency by providing cooling fluid at lower temperatures, thereby allowing increased turbine inlet temperatures T3 in Equation (69.1)].
Modifications
Published in Andrew Livesey, Advanced Motorsport Engineering, 2012
The turbocharger is driven by the exhaust gas, it has two turbines. One turbine is driven by the exhaust gas; the other turbine is driven by the shaft from the first turbine and compresses the air into the cylinder. On high performance, and diesel vehicles, an intercooler may be used to cool the air between the turbocharger and the cylinders.
H ∞ calibratable LPV control strategies for torque control in automotive turbocharged engines
Published in International Journal of Control, 2022
Gianfranco Gagliardi, Francesco Tedesco, Alessandro Casavola
In this paper, a four-stroke turbocharged gasoline engine is considered whose schematics are depicted in Figure 1(a) (Eriksson et al., 2002). The air entering the system is cleaned up by the Air Filter and reaches the Compressor that is in charge of increasing its pressure. In these conditions, a large amount of air may enter the cylinders leading to an increase of the mechanical power achievable with a stoichiometric combustion. Nevertheless, a higher level of pressure causes an increase in temperature in the compressor. In order to avoid high temperatures and further increase its density, the air is driven into the Intercooler that behaves as a heat exchanger. Then, the air reaches the Throttle Valve and comes into the Intake Manifold. The engine cycle consists of four stages: Intake Stroke, Compression Stroke, Power Stroke and Exhaust Stroke. At the end of the combustion stage, the exhaust gases go across the exhaust manifold and a fraction of them is used to move the Turbine which, through the Shaft, transfers power to the compressor. The remaining fraction is conveyed to a Waste-Gate, which is able to avoid turbine over-speeding in order to manage the amount of power delivered to the compressor. Finally, before leaving the system, all the exhaust gases pass through the catalyst.