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Case Studies in Manufacturing Industries
Published in Chandan Deep Singh, Jaimal Singh Khamba, Manufacturing Competency and Strategic Success in the Automobile Industry, 2019
Chandan Deep Singh, Jaimal Singh Khamba
The unit is devoting itself for developing hybrid-electric trucks and vehicles powered by alternative energy resources, such as dimethyl ether, liquefied petroleum gas, and compressed natural gas. Its low-pollution alternative-fuel vehicles not only contribute to more effective use of limited resources, but also achieve cleaner emissions.
Green Productivity Tools and Techniques
Published in Guttila Yugantha Jayasinghe, Shehani Sharadha Maheepala, Prabuddhi Chathurika Wijekoon, Green Productivity and Cleaner Production, 2020
Guttila Yugantha Jayasinghe, Shehani Sharadha Maheepala, Prabuddhi Chathurika Wijekoon
Different technological advancements are used to control automobile emissions throughout the world. Many scientific endeavors and innovations are formed to control emission through modifying the vehicles, altering the fuel sources, and increasing fuel-use efficiency. The following techniques can be used to reduce automobile emissions in companies: Regular tune-ups are important to maintain vehicles in a proper manner. The manufacturer’s maintenance schedule should be used during the maintaining process. The recommended motor oil should be always used, and the move to low-cost, low-quality fuel should be avoidedThe Green Vehicle Guide, which was developed by the EPA, should be used to manage the transportation activities in a company. Specifically, the guide provides a brief on how to use vehicles efficiently and how to reduce pollution by utilizing vehicles powered by alternative fuels such as electricity, hydrogen fuel cells, and cleaner-burning gasolineThe unnecessary idling of vehicles should be minimized to reduce air pollution, fuel wastage, and excess engine wear. Vehicles engines should not be turned on until they are ready to be drivenAlternative fuel sources (fuels other than petrol or diesel) should be used to run vehicles, and alternative technologies that do not solely involve petroleum should be used to power the engine. Electric cars, hybrid electric vehicles, and solar-powered vehicles are the best examples of alternative fuel vehicles. There are many advantages to these vehicles, including: Low environmental emissionsBest solution for high oil prices and non-renewable fuel usageHigh efficiency
Analysis of natural gas vehicle acceptance behavior for Klang Valley, Malaysia
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2021
The emissions from the road transport are directly proportional to the amount of gasoline and diesel consumption (Mande, 2015). In particular, one liter of gasoline burned releases about 2.4 kg of CO2 (Mahlia, Saidur, Memon, Zulkifli, & Masjuki, 2010). In response to the environmental concern, one key strategy to achieve the emission reduction is to substitute fossil gasoline and diesel by alternative fuel type, for instance hydrogen, electricity, natural gas or biomethane (von Rosenstiel, Heuermann, & Husig, 2015). The vehicle that operates with alternative fuel type is known as alternative fuel vehicle (AFV). Among the different types of AFVs, natural gas vehicles (NGVs) were among the first mature and marketable technologies. NGVs are fueled with compressed natural gas (CNG) and they could reduce GHG emissions by 17%-24% compared to gasoline and diesel vehicles and even up to 95% when fueled with biomethane (EUCAR, 2011). Technically, NGV operates similarly to the conventional vehicles but they use natural gas as fuel. By installing a conversion system (i.e., a tank, fuel pressure regulators and fuel lines) on the vehicles, it could convert the conventional engines into bi-fuel engines that could be powered by natural gas (Khoo, 2012).
A framework for the rechargeable energy for multi-vehicle Travelling Salesman Problem with single repository
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2020
Due to new regulations and further technological progress in the field of electric vehicles, the research community faces the new challenge of incorporating the electric-energy-based restrictions into routing problems (Golden, Raghavan, and Wasil 2008); examples are the minimisation of emissions (Figliozzi 2010), energy consumption (Erdoğan and Miller-Hooks 2012), reverse logistics and others (Bektaş and Laporte 2011; Lin et al. 2014). The advances in the use of electric energy for motors defines a new generation of problems related to the battery of the vehicles (Artmeier et al. 2010; Touati-Moungla and Jost 2012), recharge system (Felipe et al. 2014), electric vehicles battery swap stations location routing problem (BSS–EV–LRP) (Yang and Sun 2015), hybrid of traditional and electric vehicles, etc. (Touati-Moungla and Jost 2012) presents key contributions of combinatorial optimisation for an efficient electric vehicles management, energy shortest path problem, energy vehicle routing problem, facility location and electric vehicles redistribution. Historically, however, six major barriers to alternative fuel vehicles success have arisen: limited numbers of refuelling stations, high refuelling costs, onboard fuel-storage issues (i.e. limited range), safety and liability concerns, improvements in the competition (i.e. more efficient combustion engines) and high initial costs for consumers (Romm 2006). The logistics giant DHL announced a new pilot project which would introduce electrified delivery vans for its vehicle fleet in US and Germany (Yang and Sun 2015). In 2013, UPS had more than 100 electric vehicles in its fleet operating in US (Yang and Sun 2015). Companies like Amazon are evaluating the use of drones for delivery (D'Andrea 2014).
Identification of suitable sites for electric vehicle charging stations; a geographical information systems based multi criteria decision making approach
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Developing alternative fuel vehicle technologies is considered as a potential solution to the increasing oil demand and air pollution (Shahraki et al. 2015). Electric Vehicles (EVs) including Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (Salkuti 2021) are observed as alternatives to replace the internal combustion engine, and thereby reduce dependence on fossil fuel, GHG emissions (Salkuti 2019) and air pollution (Firat 2019). The zero emission characteristics of EVs can play a vital role in the development of low-carbon transportation (Guo and Zhao 2015), and new transportation habits and energy policies.