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From Waste to Best Valorization and Upcycling of Chicken Eggshells
Published in Gunjan Mukherjee, Sunny Dhiman, Waste Management, 2023
Samuel Tomi Aina, Barend Jacobus Du Plessis, Vuyo Mjimba, Hendrik Gideon Brink
Elizondo-Villarreal et al. (2012) successfully synthesized hydroxyapatite (HAp) using CaO from eggshells and commercial calcium dibasic phosphate (CaHPO4.2H2O). Hydroxyapatite is an essential mineral in the human bone and teeth. These compounds are responsible for the rigidity of the teeth. Results show that hydroxyapatite from eggshells is suitable for dental prosthesis applications. Similarly, Ummartyotin and Tangnorawich (2015) investigated the use of calcined eggshells in the synthesis of HAp using the wet chemical precipitation route. Their finding was in consonance with those of Elizondo-Villarreal et al. (2012) and Oliveira et al. (2013).
Processing Biomaterials Using Microwave Energy and Its Futuristic Scopes
Published in Amit Bansal, Hitesh Vasudev, Advances in Microwave Processing for Engineering Materials, 2023
Shivani Gupta, Apurbba Kumar Sharma, Dinesh Agrawal
Material synthesis can be liquid-phase and solid-phase synthesis methods in which various precursor materials are used to synthesize the desired material through multiple chemical reactions. Ceramics, metals, polymers, and composites are widely prepared using microwave-assisted synthesis processes for medical applications. A considerable literature is available on the microwave-assisted synthesis of HA, Mg-substituted HA, and a few polymers, as shown in Table 11.1. Hydroxyapatite is extensively used in dental, orthopedic implants, and drug delivery systems due to its high compatibility with human bone.
Laser Assisted Production of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles from Marine Origin
Published in Savaş Kaya, Sasikumar Yesudass, Srinivasan Arthanari, Sivakumar Bose, Goncagül Serdaroğlu, Materials Development and Processing for Biomedical Applications, 2022
Mónica Fernández-Arias, Mohamed Boutinguiza Larosi, Jesús del Val García, Antonio Riveiro Rodríguez, Rafael Comesaña Piñeiro, Fernando Lusquiños Rodríguez, Juan Pou Saracho
Hydroxyapatite, like other calcium phosphates, has been widely used in several medical applications such as implant coatings or bone defect fillers, due to its similarity with the mineral part of human bone in terms of chemical composition, which makes it compatible with living tissues. In this sense, calcium phosphate can be considered the best bone graft substitutes because they promote rapid bone formation on their surface, and may assure bone healing within a year (Habraken et al. 2016). But due to the magnificent improvements achieved in the field of biomedical applications, the first commercial CaP bone grafts, launched 40 years ago, are currently regarded as “old biomaterials” or even as an “obsolete” research topic (Habraken et al. 2016). Today, research studies in the field of tissue engineering are aimed at getting functionalized bone grafts, where in addition to repairing damaged bone, the implant incorporates active principles that can be released to solve other musculoskeletal diseases and disorders (Saber-Samandari et al. 2017). That is to combine the function of drug release with that of bone regeneration, taking advantage of the beneficial properties of hydroxyapatite.
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles coating on Ti-6Al-4V substrate using plasma spray method
Published in Transactions of the IMF, 2023
P. Bagheri, S. Saber-Samandari, A. Sadeghi, S. Akhtarian, A. Doostmohammadi
Bioceramics can also be employed to connect or substitute distinct parts of a body, particularly bones. Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate bioceramic type whose important applications cover metallic implants. During the implantation process in the host tissue, the reaction surface ceramics form a strong bond with the adjacent tissues. This coating establishes a stronger bond with the surrounding tissue, which is very important for an implant.4 Hydroxyapatite has good biocompatibility and establishes a direct chemical bond with hard tissue. Natural bone is a composite material consisting of hydroxyapatite and collagen. The open channels of the hydroxyapatite structure can combine the other ions by substituting cations and anions without much distortion in the lattice. This combinational change capability of hydroxyapatite leads to biocompatibility and ossification. Hydroxyapatite is extensively utilised as a medical coating, often for tooth root and femur implants, because of having the type of structure and the composition close to bone-forming apatite.1–6
Bone quality around implants: a comparative study of coating with hydroxyapatite and SIO2-TIO2 of TI6AL7NB implants
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2020
C. Dinu, C. Berce, M. Todea, A. Vulpoi, D. Leordean, S. Bran, I. Mitre, M. A. Lazar, B. Crisan, L. Crisan, H. Rotaru, F. Onisor, S. Vacaras, I. Barbur, G. Baciut, M. Baciut, G. Armencea
Hydroxyapatite was synthesized based on a wet chemical precipitation method at room temperature using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2•4H2O) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4). All chemicals were reagent grade (Sigma Aldrich) and used without further purification. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate hydrolyzed sol was added dropwise to the constantly stirred aqueous calcium nitrate solution at the molar ratio of Ca to P equal to 1.67. The mixed sol solution was then continuously stirred for about 50 min to obtain a white consistent sol. The precipitate was taken at an aging time period of one week at room temperature. After infiltration and a suitable heat treatment, the obtained calcium phosphate turns into apatite type material.
Preparation of beta-tricalcium phosphate microsphere-hyaluronic acid-based powder gel composite as a carrier for rhBMP-2 injection and evaluation using long bone segmental defect model
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2019
Shi Huan Han, Su Hyun Jung, Jae Hyup Lee
In recent years, biomaterial science and technology have led to a proliferation of studies on bone grafts in the clinical and basic fields of orthopedics, and maxillofacial surgery has been extensively and actively carried out [1]. Moreover, as modern society enters an aging phase, the number of operations for patients with poor bones has increased. However, bone defects or osteoporosis lead to failure of bone healing or nonunion. Therefore, for patients for severe bone defects or poor bone stock, we need to improve bone formation and regeneration at the site of a bone defect by applying well-established bone-graft materials [2,3]. However, the current bone-graft material does not fully satisfy the ideal bone healing and osteogenic differentiation. Hydroxyapatite has chemical and crystallographic similarities to the mineral phase of bone tissue [4], but there is an issue of implant brittleness when it is produced as porous form [5]. β -TCP is more unstable and more susceptible to degradation than hydroxyapatite [6]. The ideal bone substitute is similar to autogenous bone with respect to the properties of osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity and osteogenesis. It can control pore morphology, surface structure and mechanical strength of the graft in the early stage while rhBMP-2 and stem cells are also loaded, slowly resorbed and replaced by a fully autologous bone [7,8].