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Major Melt—Crucible Systems
Published in Nagaiyar Krishnamurthy, Metal–Crucible Interactions, 2023
Afshar and Allaire (1996) emphasize that corrosion of the aggregates was insensitive to the non-wetting additive, and the beneficial effect of the non-wetting agent was present only in the matrix. In some cases, the corrosion of aggregates promotes corrosion in the surrounding matrix, even in the presence of a non-wetting agent (Nandi and Jogai 2012). At temperatures below 1000°C, barium compounds react with SiO2 and Al2O3 to form α-BaAl2Si2O8 (orthorhombic phase), which was credited with the protection observed (Schmutzler and Sandhage 1995). Above 1050°C, the orthorhombic phase transforms to a monoclinic phase, and the protection is lost. Incidentally, in their review, Adabifiroozjaei et al. (2015) attributed the non-wetting behaviour to the monoclinic structure of BaAl2Si2O8. There are also conflicting statements as to the effectiveness of celsian vis-à-vis barium sulphate. The current information on the anti-wetting action of celsian vis-à-vis barium sulphate remains contradictory. Adabifiroozjaei et al. (2015) consider monoclinic celsian to be conferring superior anti-wetting properties on the refractory, while many other authors consider barium sulphate to be superior.
Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds
Published in W. M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 2016
W. M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno
Name Brookite Brucite Bunsenite Bustamite Cadmium telluride Calcite Calomel Carbonate-apatite Carbon (diamond) Carbon (graphite) Cassiterite Cattierite Celsian Chalcocite Chalcopyrite Chlorapatite Chloritoid Chloromagnesite Chondrodite Cinnabar Claudetite Clausthalite Clinoenstatite Clinoferrosilite Clinohumite Clinozoisite Cobaltite Cobalt(II) oxide Cobalt(II) sulfide Cobalt(II) titanate Coesite Coffinite Colemanite Coloradoite Copper Fe-Cordierite Corundum Cotunnite Covellite Cristobalite () Cristobalite () Cryolite Cubanite Cummingtonite Cuprite Danburite Datolite Daubreeite Diaspore Dickite Digenite Diopside Dioptase Dolerophanite Dolomite Dravite Elbaite Enargite Formula Crystal system orthorhombic hexagonal cubic triclinic cubic rhombohedral tetragonal hexagonal cubic hexagonal tetragonal cubic monoclinic orthorhombic tetragonal hexagonal monoclinic rhombohedral monoclinic hexagonal monoclinic cubic monoclinic monoclinic monoclinic monoclinic cubic cubic cubic rhombohedral monoclinic tetragonal monoclinic cubic cubic orthorhombic rhombohedral orthorhombic hexagonal tetragonal cubic monoclinic orthorhombic monoclinic cubic orthorhombic monoclinic cubic orthorhombic monoclinic cubic monoclinic rhombohedral monoclinic rhombohedral rhombohedral rhombohedral orthorhombic Structure type cadmium iodide rock salt sphalerite calcite apatite diamond graphite rutile pyrite Z a/Å 5.456 3.147 4.177 7.736 6.4805 4.9899 4.478 9.436 3.5670 2.4612 4.738 5.5345 8.627 11.881 5.2988 9.629 9.48 3.632 7.89 4.149 5.339 6.1255 9.620 9.7085 13.68 8.887 5.60 4.260 5.339 5.066 7.152 6.995 8.743 6.4600 3.6150 9.726 4.7591 4.535 3.792 4.971 7.1382 5.40 6.46 9.522 4.2696 8.04 9.62 9.966 4.401 5.150 5.5695 9.743 14.61 8.334 4.8079 15.942 15.842 6.426
Manufacturing of ceramic lightweight aggregates from oil-based drill cutting pyrolysis residues
Published in Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 2022
Zili Zhou, Li-Ao Wang, Lei Wang, Xiang Wang, Quanwei Lv, Chuan Huang
JADE6.0 software was used to analyze the XRD patterns of the sintered LWAs and spherical bodies to be sintered (Figure 3). Figure 3(a) shows the XRD patterns of DCPR, PRFA40, and PRS40 with different compositions sintered at 1100°C. DCPR-1100-10 mainly consisted of barite crystals (BaSO4) with small amounts of barium feldspar (BaAl2Si2O8) and potassium feldspar crystals (K2Al2Si2O8). The PRFA40-1100-10 and PRS40-1100-10 spectra contain the celsian and anorthite peaks. The barite peak at 2θ = 43.2° was significantly reduced, while the other barite peaks almost disappeared. In addition, the characteristic SiO2 peak at 2θ = 22° revealed that after varying the contents of Si, Al, and other metal elements, a certain amount of the SiO2 phase remained in the sample after sintering. Furthermore, CaSiO3 peaks appeared at 2θ = 26° and 2θ = 29°.