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Nano/Microelectromechanical Systems (NEMS/MEMS)
Published in Cherry Bhargava, Amit Sachdeva, Pardeep Kumar Sharma, Smart Nanotechnology with Applications, 2020
Prasantha R. Mudimela, Rekha Chaudhary
Bio-MEMS is an abbreviation for biomedical and microelectromechanical systems. Bio-MEMS generally applies to biological systems, and specially to human health. The study of Bio-MEMS started after 1967 when S.B. Carter invented pallidum islands for cell attachment. It took around 20–25 years of study, then in 1985 a commercialized bio-MEMS application, i.e. a pregnancy test kit was developed [39]. After that in 1991, the first oligonucleotide chip was developed that was used for genetic testing and forensic research [40]. For drug delivery, a microneedle was developed in 1998 [41]. In 1999, the first demonstration of heterogeneous laminar flow was done [42]. In bio-MEMS, very innovative products have been developed in the past few years. But still some products like micromachined pumps, flow sensors, and chemical sensors are under development. These devices can enable very fast analysis of small volume of liquids specially for home-based medical applications such as urine analysis and blood analysis.
Microwave Technologies for Wearable Communication Systems
Published in Albert Sabban, Novel Wearable Antennas for Communication and Medical Systems, 2017
MEMS components are categorized in one of several classes, such as: Sensors are a class of MEMS that are designed to sense changes and interact with their environments. These classes of MEMS include chemical, motion, inertia, thermal, RF sensors, and optical sensors. Microsensors are useful because of their small physical size, which allows them to be less invasive.Actuators are a group of devices designed to provide power or stimulus to other components or MEMS devices. MEMS actuators are either electrostatically or thermally driven.RF MEMS are a class of devices used to switch or transmit high frequency RF signals. Typical devices include metal contact switches, shunt switches, tunable capacitors, antennas, etc.Optical MEMS are devices designed to direct, reflect, filter, and/or amplify light. These components include optical switches and reflectors.Microfluidic MEMS are devices designed to interact with fluid-based environments. Devices such as pumps and valves have been designed to move, eject, and mix small volumes of fluid.Bio MEMS are devices that, much like microfluidic MEMS, are designed to interact specifically with biological samples. Devices such as these are designed to interact with proteins, biological cells, medical reagents, etc. and can be used for drug delivery or other in-situ medical analysis.
Wideband RF Technologies for Wearable Communication Systems
Published in Albert Sabban, Wearable Systems and Antennas Technologies for 5G, IOT and Medical Systems, 2020
MEMS components are categorized in one of several applications. Such as:Sensors are a class of MEMS that are designed to sense changes and interact with their environments. These classes of MEMS include chemical, motion, inertia, thermal, RF sensors and optical sensors. Microsensors are useful because of their small physical size, which allows them to be less invasive.Actuators are a group of devices designed to provide power or stimulus to other components or MEMS devices. MEMS actuators are either electrostatically or thermally driven.RF MEMS are a class of devices used to switch or transmit high frequency, RF signals. Typical devices include metal contact switches, shunt switches, tunable capacitors and antennas.Optical MEMS are devices designed to direct, reflect, filter and/or amplify light. These components include optical switches and reflectors.Microfluidic MEMS are devices designed to interact with fluid-based environments. Devices such as pumps and valves have been designed to move, eject and mix small volumes of fluid.Bio MEMS are devices that, much like microfluidic MEMS, are designed to interact specifically with biological samples. Devices such as these are designed to interact with proteins, biological cells, medical reagents and so on and can be used for drug delivery or other in situ medical analysis.
Review on development and performance of shape memory alloy/polyimide thin-film composites
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2023
Dhiraj Narayane, Ravindra V. Taiwade, Khemraj Sahu
M. Salehi et al.[133] performed design optimization with variable geometric parameters of Ni-Ti SMA microactuator and statistical DOE was used. The designed microactuators are able to produce high work density that can be used in Bio-MEMS applications. Tarek Merzouki et al.[134] investigated the effect geometrical and material parameters on sensitivity of SMA actuator for a micropump utilizing finite element simulation.
Analysis of Bejan number and Entropy generation of Non-Newtonian nanofluid through an asymmetric microchannel
Published in Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2023
Arjunan Magesh, Perumal Tamizharasi, Jayaraman Kamalakkannan
In fact, recent advances in microfluidics have gained considerable attention as a key research subject due to their extensive applications in separation techniques in medical systems. Lab-on-a-chip and biomedical microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) devices frequently involve treatment, sample preparation, delivery, injection, detection, and segregation. Most substances are electrically charged from the surface in contact with a polar (aqueous) medium. The electric field is applied tangentially across a surface of charge. A body force is created on the ions in the diffuse layer, resulting in an EOF (electroosmotic force). This phenomenon is applied in electroosmotic pumping, such as accurate transport control, valve-free switching, and handling fluid samples by an electric field. Since no solid moving parts are involved, this feature makes electroosmosis a preferred method for transmitting liquids in microfluidics. The heat transfer over the non-Darcy porous medium with the electroosmotic flow [13]. They used an analytical approach to obtain the solution and observed the effect of the Joule heating parameter, the heat transfer rate as the particular effect on energy dissipation. The peristaltic motion of dusty hydro-magnetic fluid under electroosmosis [14]. They reported that the magnitude of the particle phase is high compared to the fluid phase for the shear stress and velocity field; also, it is smaller for the pressure gradient. Sara Abdelsalam et al. [15] explored the Versatile response of peristaltic motion of a Sutterby nano liquid with activation energy under the applications of hyperthermia therapy. They discovered that the dimensionless reaction rate substantially increases the kinetic energy of the reactant, allowing for more particle collisions and thereby increasing the temperature field. Perumal et al. [16] explored the electroosmotic-driven flow of Eyring Powell nano liquid in an asymmetric conduit. They used numerical simulation to obtain the solution. Noreen et al. [17] investigated electroosmosis-driven thermal transfer in Jeffrey liquid movement via a tapered porous tube.