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A New Vision to Monitoring Tank Cleaning
Published in Adam Weintrit, Tomasz Neumann, Safety of Sea Transportation, 2017
M. Panaitescu, F.V. Panaitescu, V.A. Panaitescu, L. Martes
Tank cleaning result tests are: Permanganate Time Test-PTT (is based on the ability of potassium permanganate, KMnO4, to oxidise hydrocarbon impurities that could be present in the wall wash liquid; if PTT is a reaction in a neutral solution, the value of KMnO4 is small and changes its colour from pink-orange to yellow-orange)(MARPOL); Hydrocarbons Test (water miscibility)(is the qualitative detection of non-water-soluble contaminants; Chloride Test (is used the judge the presence of chlorides on bulkheads; Chloride levels vary from 0.1 ppm to 5 ppm); Colour Test (APHA); UV-Test (is used to identify hydrocarbons and chemicals); The Acid Wash Test (is used to determine the presence of Benzene, Toluene,
The Rolled Strip – Its Properties and Further Processing
Published in William L. Roberts, Cold Rolling of Steel, 2017
Single steel sheets may be terne coated by the flux process similar to that used in hot dip tinning. The pickled sheets are carried through a hydrochloric acid wash tank, through a flux box and downward through the molten terne metal, where the coating is applied, then upward through a bath of oil floating on the top of the metal. Excess oil on the coated sheet is then removed by a branner similar to that used for hot dipped tinplate.
Recovery of Precious Metals by Solvent Extraction
Published in Sadia Ilyas, Hyunjung Kim, Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava, Sustainable Urban Mining of Precious Metals, 2021
Sadia Ilyas, Hyunjung Kim, Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava
Copper, if present in liquor, can be easily stripped by strong hydrochloric acid which is used to remove palladium from the organic phase, but it can also be removed in a separate dilute acid wash stage. Chloro-anionic complexes of ruthenium (Ru) tend to be extracted (to some extent) by anion-exchange solvents and ideally should be removed prior to recovery of Pd and Pt, or Pt alone, by amine-based extractant.
Proposed new reference section for the base of the Bortonian stage (middle Eocene), New Zealand
Published in New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 2019
Hugh E. G. Morgans, Christopher D. Clowes
Splits of about 30 g were taken for palynological processing. Carbonates were first removed with hot 10% hydrochloric acid. Silicates were then digested in ∼50% hydrofluoric acid, followed by a second hot 10% hydrochloric acid wash to remove fluorosilicate reaction products. The majority of the samples were oxidised in concentrated (70%) nitric acid followed by neutralisation of humic acids in 5% ammonium hydroxide. In all cases, the organic fraction was density separated by floatation in a solution of sodium polytungstate with a specific gravity of 2.0. Finally, the light fraction was sieved over a 6 µm mesh and mounted under glass coverslips in glycerine jelly.