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Laws, Regulations, and Risk Assessment Relevant to Site Assessment and Remediation
Published in Cristiane Q. Surbeck, Jeff Kuo, Site Assessment and Remediation for Environmental Engineers, 2021
Cristiane Q. Surbeck, Jeff Kuo
An underground storage tank system is a tank and any underground piping connected to the tank that has at least 10% of its combined volume underground. Approximately 550,000 USTs nationwide store petroleum or hazardous substances. The greatest potential threat from a leaking UST (LUST) is the contamination of underlying soil and groundwater, the source of drinking water for nearly 50% of the U.S. population. The federal UST regulations apply only to UST systems that store petroleum or certain hazardous substances, and a complete version of the law that governs USTs can be found in the U.S. Code, Title 42, Chapter 82, Subchapter IX. Subtitle I of the RCRA addresses the problems of LUST systems. The minimization of problems related to LUSTs can be achieved through (1) meeting UST regulatory requirements for installation and operation of USTs, (2) prevention and timely detection of releases, and (3) taking timely and effective response/cleanup actions of UST releases and site remediation. More discussion on site assessment/characterization and conceptual site models are presented in Chapter 4.
Calibration of Gasoline Flow Meters
Published in Donald B. Owen, Subir Ghosh, William R. Schucany, William B. Smith, Statistics of Quality, 2020
Conrad D. Krueger, Jerome P. Keating, Nandini Kannan, Robert L. Mason
Reviewing Table 6, we note that none of the collinearities are severe. The largest condition number is only around 19, and the corresponding eigenvalue is only 0.02. This is indicative of a very moderate collinearity. The corresponding dependency is among meters 4, 6, and 8 and accounts for 62% of the variance of β4, 69% of the variance of β6, and 48% of the variance of β8. An even milder collinearity is seen in the next-most severe dependency. It involves meter 2 and meter 5 and the intercept, but the eigenvalue of 0.03 and the condition index of 16.20 indicate that there is no serious problem with this collinearity or any of the remaining ones. If the condition index associated with the second-smallest eigenvalue had been large enough to warrant concern, the consequent collinearity would have been enormously informative. This would imply that the presence of the intercept term in the model is linked with meters 2 and 5. If the estimate of the intercept were negative, this would have associated the presence of a leak with meters 2 and 5. This ability allows one to discriminate between leaks in the underground storage tanks and leaks in the lines that connect the meters with the UST. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has separate protocols for certification of automatic tank gauging systems that identify leaks only in the UST and those that test the tightness of the tanks and lines.
Owners/Operators of Underground Product Storage Tanks
Published in Gary F. Lindgren, Managing Industrial Hazardous Waste, 2018
Consideration should be given to removal of existing USTs from service, according to 40 CFR 280 Subpart G, as well as existing consensus codes (API [American Petroleum Institute], NFPA, PEI [Petroleum Equipment Institute], etc.) and best engineering practices. At a minimum, all out-of-service tanks should be emptied and cleaned to the extent possible. Once the tanks are emptied and cleaned, a decision should be made whether to remove them from the ground or fill them with an inert material. This decision should be based on both risk and cost considerations. An assessment of the UST site for the presence of contamination is a requirement at closure. If contamination is discovered, corrective action must be taken in accordance with 40 CFR 280 Subpart F.
Performance of a zeolite filter treating copper roof runoff
Published in Urban Water Journal, 2022
Ivan Milovanović, Annelie Hedström, Inga Herrmann, Maria Viklander
The roof and park runoff was conveyed initially to a collection tank by gravity. When reaching a pre-set water level in the collection tank, the water was pumped to an underground storage tank with a volume of 76.2 m3 which was connected to an influent well. From there, water was pumped upwards through the filter units once the water level in the influent well reached a critical level. The pump flow from the influent well tank through the zeolite filter units was set at a fixed value of 7 l/s, corresponding to a hydraulic load of 6.7 m3 m–2h–1. After the filter units, the treated water was then discharged by gravity pipes to a manhole, and from there to the sea. No base flow was detected in the outlet manhole when the pump was not running.
Pilot-scale in situ treatment of landfill leachate using combined coagulation–flocculation, hydrolysis acidification, SBR and electro-Fenton oxidation
Published in Environmental Technology, 2019
Jun Zhang, Xiaogang Wu, Di Qiu, Jianguo Mao, Hui Zhang
The landfill site is located in Wuhan, China, which has been in operation since 2007. It covers an area of 48 ha and has a total storage capacity of 1.33 × 107 m3. About 2000 tons of municipal solid waste is daily disposed at the site. The average leachate generation is about 400 m3 per day. The leachate is first carried to collection sumps through perforated leachate collection pipes, before it is moved to an underground storage tank with the capacity of 40,000 m3 by submersible pumps. The composition of the landfill leachate varies greatly depending on the season, leachate collection system and the age of landfill. The physico-chemical characteristics of the raw leachate, based on two years of data, are shown in Table 1.
A review on artificial roughened solar air heaters with and without thermal energy storage
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2023
Ucar and Inalli (2008) calculated the economic savings of central solar heating system (SHS) with three types of seasonal storage configuration: storage tank without insulation on the ground (SHS_A), storage tank with insulation on the ground (SHS_B), and underground storage tank without insulation (SHS_C). It was concluded that the payback period (PBP) and annual savings of the seasonal storage increases with an increase in collector area and the number of houses. The payback periods (PBP) of the SHS_A, SHS_B and SHS_C for the collector area of 20 m2/house were obtained to be 42 years, 25 years, and 23 years respectively. For the 250 house loads and 20 m2/house collector area, the annual savings of SHS_C was to be 15% and 47% higher than the SHS_B and SHS_A.