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Running gear and braking
Published in Andrew Livesey, Motorcycle Engineering, 2021
The purpose of the tire tread is to discharge water and enhance the grip. On average tires the tread is about 7 mm (1/4 in) deep when new. Off-road tires need to grip into the soft surface, so the tread is almost double the depth of a typical tire. High-speed tires have treads designed to give the maximum grip and run very quiet at high speed with minimum heat generation. Race tires usually use a much softer rubber compound for the tread to give better grip – this means that the tread will not last as long as for road tires.
A risk assessment model for traffic crashes problem using fuzzy logic: a case study of Zonguldak, Turkey
Published in Transportation Letters, 2022
Figure 5(a) shows that as the weather conditions worsen and speed increases, the crash risk increases. In order to reduce the crash risk, optimal values should be chosen for the other parameters in bad weather conditions. In Figure 5(b), the crash risk increases with increasing vehicle speed in road segments with high incidence of crash. In cases where the speed is low, but the crash frequency is high, the crash risk exceeds 50%. The reason for this is that the geographical conditions of the region where this study is conducted consist of steep slopes and sharp corners. This may vary depending on geographical conditions. Figure 5(c) shows that tire tread depth directly affects the road handling and braking distance and increases the crash risk along with increasing vehicle speed. Figure 5(d) shows that fatigue significantly increases the crash risk even at low speeds. Rising speed with fatigue leads to an increased crash risk.
Passive radial mechanism of a bogie with the auxiliary steering device for the straddle monorail vehicle
Published in Vehicle System Dynamics, 2021
Yuanjin Ji, Lihui Ren, Youpei Huang
The running wheel and guiding wheel of the monorail vehicle are made of rubber tire, whose wear mode is similar to that of an automobile tire. The rubber tire tread wear is a very complex process accompanied by fatigue wear, abrasive wear, and mechanical chemical corrosion wear. In recent years, academic and engineering researchers have carried out a large number of studies on the wear mechanism of an automobile tire and put forward some tire wear models (wear volume, wear mass, or wear depth) often used to characterise tire wear. The most classical methods of estimating tire wear are wear dissipation energy method and tire wear rate method. In this study, the wear dissipation energy method was used.