China
Africa
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Introduction to radio frequency identification
Published in Rajkishore Nayak, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology and Application in Fashion and Textile Supply Chain, 2019
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is continuously trying to facilitate international trade by reducing barriers among countries. This in turn has resulted in the shifting of fashion and textile manufacturing to the countries where labor cost is cheap. Christopher, Lowson and Peck (2004) characterize the fashion industry by wider collection/more choices, seasonally impacted, variable and short life-cycles, complex supply chain and distribution activities. Profitability in fashion industries is going down due to the competitive nature of business, thus requiring better coordination between all partners in the supply chain. Fashion companies that have previously dominated the market at some stage have lost market share to emerging companies like Zara, H&M and Benetton, as the business strategy of those companies has involved more inventory turns. They also offer a wider range of fashion styles in short span giving rise to the concept of “Fast Fashion”. All these changes in the fashion industry need to use new technologies widely in order to reduce lead time and cost and most importantly, to efficiently manage inventory. Among new technologies, RFID is of particular interest as it has the capability of providing solutions to some of these issues (Moon and Ngai, 2008).
International maritime trade and international logistics
Published in Dong-Ping Song, Container Logistics and Maritime Transport, 2021
International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between countries across international borders. A number of factors have driven the development of international trade. Firstly, a country’s government tends to provide various supports for increasing international trade, particularly for exports, through policies such as subsidising exporters. For example, China’s opening-up policy from the 1980s has driven the development of foreign trade dramatically.
Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic
Published in Suman Lata Tripathi, Kanav Dhir, Deepika Ghai, Shashikant Patil, Health Informatics and Technological Solutions for Coronavirus (COVID-19), 2021
Post-COVID-19 sentiments are clamoring for “vocal for local.” It essentially means reduce imports dependence and embark upon import substitution. International trade is an engine of economic growth for global economies. Exports led economic growth model calls for maximum exports and less imports thereby to strengthen country’s foreign exchange reserve and reduce its import bills service obligations.
The effects of seaport efficiency on trade performance in Africa
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2022
Enock Kojo Ayesu, Daniel Sakyi, Samuel Tawiah Baidoo
Globally, international trade is considered as an engine of economic prosperity of countries. This has remained so because of its attendant benefits such as transfer of knowledge, skills, job creation, and improvement in living standard of the populace (Grossman and Helpman 1990; Dollar and Kraay 2004; Mekki 2005; Hailu 2010; Herzer 2013; Sakyi et al. 2017; Alvarez et al., 2018; Sakyi, Bonuedi, and Opoku 2018). Following this, developing countries particularly those in Africa, have formulated innumerable trade policies and regional integration agreements with the goal of improving the performance of international trade (Outlook 2017).