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Global Perspectives in Civil Engineering Education
Published in Hudson Jackson, Kassim Tarhini, Compendium of Civil Engineering Education Strategies, 2022
Hudson Jackson, Kassim Tarhini
Globalization is a multi-faceted process viewed as the ongoing cultural, social, political, economic, environmental, and technological integration of the world. The degree of its impact varies across countries, sectors of the economy, and professional communities. An important dimension of globalization is the continuous sharing of advanced technology and the spread of new knowledge, ideas, concepts, attitudes, and values. Within the context of a global market, most engineers would be required to work on international projects in countries with different languages, cultures, and engineering standards. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated how interconnected and interdependent the world is due to the fast-global spread of the virus and the disruption to the world economy. The outbreak also triggered layoffs, loss of income, fear, and heightened uncertainty in all sectors of the global economy including education. These disruptions had a significant impact on trading partners and the global supply chain with an estimated loss of $9 trillion in 2020, according to the International Monetary Fund (Mou, 2020). Several countries reacted to control the spread of the virus by introducing lockdowns and travel restrictions. The pandemic also demonstrated the importance of international collaboration in the rapid production and distribution of personal protection equipment. It was followed by the rapid development, manufacture, and distribution of several vaccines in numerous countries around the globe. Scientists and engineers from various regions of the world worked together to make this possible.
St century
Published in Jean Michel, The Many Facets of International Education of Engineers, 2020
As we enter the new millennium, scientists and engineers will face a far different context from that of the 20th Century. The rapid growth of information and communication technologies, along with an efficient transportation system, is increasing globalization in nearly every dimension. Competition is no longer limited by geographical boundaries, leading to shorter and shorter product development cycles and a drive for higher quality, all of which place premiums on the intellectual skills of the workforce. In addition, environmental issues and interdependent world economies make apparent the need for cooperation and teamwork between nations and their peoples.
Introduction to Global Occupational Safety and Health
Published in Thomas P. Fuller, Global Occupational Safety and Health Management Handbook, 2019
A major catalyst for increased globalization occurs because of economic and financial benefits. And OSH has often been closely related to business and economics. Part of the original rationale for the creation of the U.S. Occupational Health and Safety Administration was to level the playing field between states that allowed different levels of safety within their operations that provided some with economic advantages. In international trade, the same incentives for businesses exist today globally, to find the country with the weakest environmental or safety regulations and set up operations there to take advantage of reduced operational or labor costs. Countries with governments that do not either understand or care about the risks to the environment or workers accept the hazardous activities, processes, and chemicals, for the purely economic benefit. Businesses then tend to seek those countries out to expand operations, and a viscous circle ensues. Countries compete for the business growth and reduce their national regulations further, which has resulted in a phenomenon coined “race to the bottom.”
The 30th anniversary of Prof. Arun S. Mujumdar’s editorship of Drying Technology
Published in Drying Technology, 2018
Xiao Dong Chen, Sakamon Devahastin
Advances in computational sciences, both hardware and software, and analytical instruments and chemical analysis technologies have given both breadth and depth to the present drying research. Even after three decades, however, the inherent challenges remain. Globalization is the key to success in this endeavor as it promotes innovation, divergent thinking and creativity while lowering the cost of human and financial resources required for effective research and development. In addition, as an applied discipline, the role of industry cannot be overemphasized in formulating the problems to be tackled, so that the solutions can be transferred to industrial technology. Such academia-industry collaboration is indeed the topic of many previous editorials appearing in this journal.[3,4] When compared to the pre-IDS era, industrial knowledge of drying technologies is now at a much higher level, leading to careful selection of drying systems and optimized operation as well. It will not be long before at least some dryers are miniaturized and become smart as artificial intelligence (AI) develops rapidly along with real-time sensor technologies needed to monitor the real-time properties of moist solids that are controlled. This is a massive challenge, but it is doable with the current levels of development in basic sciences.
Empirical research on sustainable supply chains: IJPR’s contribution and research avenues
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2018
Kelsey M. Taylor, Stephan Vachon
The International Journal of Production Research (IJPR) published its first issue in 1961. It came one year before the publication of the iconic Silent Spring by Rachel Carson and nine years before the creation of the US Environmental Protection Agency. It is noteworthy that over the past 55 years we have witnessed an increase in global trade leading to geographically dispersed supply chains and growing managerial complexity. A direct consequence of globalization was wider exposure to diverse norms, rules and laws, and working conditions all along the supply chain, forcing several large corporations to address environmental and social issues within their networks. For this 55th anniversary issue, we decided to look back on the empirical research published on the topic of sustainable supply chains and to propose a potentially impactful research path.
Readiness and Maturity of Smart and Sustainable Supply Chains: A Model Proposal
Published in Engineering Management Journal, 2023
Sercan Demir, Mehmet Akif Gunduz, Yasanur Kayikci, Turan Paksoy
In recent years, globalization and increasing global competition, increasing technological growth rate, diversity in customer demands, and increasing complexity in supply chain processes have led companies to add smart and sustainable paradigms to their supply chain strategies. Real-time information sharing among the supply chain players and the effective coordination of each step in the chain plays an essential role in efficient supply chain management (Dev et al, 2020). This is possible by the transition from the traditional supply chain to the digital supply chain.