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Manufacturing Processes for Small Weapon Components
Published in Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez, Luis Adrian Zuñiga Aviles, Designing Small Weapons, 2022
Jose Martin Herrera Ramirez, Luis Adrian Zuñiga Aviles
Stamping, also called blanking, is the general name of sheet metal pressing to produce sheet metal workparts from sheet metal blanks; complex-shaped workparts can easily be produced at low cost [7]. Stamping involves placing a flat piece of metal between two dies; one of the dies is a hollowed-out area in the shape of the desired part and the other is a positive shape of the item being stamped [8]. A large amount of force is imparted to the positive shape, which drives the metal flat into the negative hollowed-out area. The resulting piece will be in the desired shape of the firearm part. This process is usually done to cold metal and used for firearm components that are not load-bearing. Magazines, ammo drums, clips, pins, extractors, trigger guards, brackets, lower and upper receiver units, and collapsible stocks are made by stamping. These components may be fabricated from cold-rolled steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloys, among other materials. Stamping is also used to put serial numbers on firearms.
Primary Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Polymer Matrix Composites
Published in Kishore Debnath, Inderdeep Singh, Primary and Secondary Manufacturing of Polymer Matrix Composites, 2018
Kishore Debnath, M. Roy Choudhury, Anders E.W. Jarfors
The pressure required for consolidation is supplied by the heated die itself as the pulling system pulls the composite materials through the die. The die is heated to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the polymer. The heating of die is a challenging task due to the low thermal conductivity of the thermoplastic resin [12]. The temperature requirements for processing of thermoplastic composites are high as compared to the thermoset composites. Therefore, thermoplastic composites are passed through a preheater installed in front of the heated die. The use of pre-heater also speeds up the process. The common ways to supply the heat to the die are listed in Table 2.4. The selection of heating process, die material and die design are important aspects as they substantially affect the quality of the final pultruded part. The materials generally used in the die are steels as they offer good mechanical properties and suitable for refurbishing. Usually, the surfaces of both upper and lower dies are plated with hard chrome.
Setup-Time Reduction
Published in John Nicholas, Lean Production for Competitive Advantage, 2018
Quick-change procedures apply to all sizes of machines and fixtures, including heavy dies and machine presses. A die is a fixture like a mold for shaping metal or other malleable material. Most dies have two parts, called male and female. On a typical machine press, one die is mounted on a stationary surface called the bed, the other die on a movable surface called the ram. When a sheet of metal is placed between the ram and the bed, the ram is lowered and the dies are pressed together, forming or cutting the metal into the desired shape.
Investigation of surface integrity in end milling of 55NiCrMoV7 die steel under the cryogenic environments
Published in Machining Science and Technology, 2020
M. Jebaraj, M. Pradeep Kumar, N. Yuvaraj, R. Anburaj
Die steels are generally used in manufacturing sectors for making dies/molds for automotive, marine, aerospace, structural and other parts. Dies for injection molds, forging, sheet metal and die casting are produced mostly by milling processes (Yazid et al., 2010). Generally, the machining of die steel is a highly tricky process due to the generation of a higher temperature during machining which offers poor surface integrity, higher tool wear and lower machinability. Severe surface modifications occur when parts are machined. These modifications include inaccuracy in dimension, development of residual stresses and cracks in the surface and alteration in hardness and strength of the target material (Totten and Mackenzie, 2003).
ELF-MF occupational exposure in die-casting and electroplating workers in Korea
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2020
Rajitha Kawshalya Mailan Arachchige Don, Joon-Sig Jung, Yun-Jin Lee, Seung-Cheol Hong
Electroplating uses electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations to form a thin coherent metal coating on an electrode. The electroplating plant selected in this study processes vehicle assembly parts, such as car door handles, buffers, rims and hoods. At the die-casting plant, a metal casting process is used that drives liquid metal under high pressure into a mold cavity. Die castings are mostly made from non-ferrous metals such as zinc, copper, aluminum, lead or magnesium. The die-casting plant in this study was a hot chamber plant.
CVD diamond coated drawing dies: a review
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2021
Qiang Lin, Sulin Chen, Bin Shen, Fanghong Sun
From the perspective of die material, the prevalent drawing dies can be classified into dies made of tungsten carbide, ceramic-based materials, single-crystalline diamond (SCD)/polycrystalline diamond (PCD) as well as those coated with super-hard coatings.