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Data Transmission
Published in Goff Hill, The Cable and Telecommunications Professionals' Reference, 2012
Stuart D. Walker, Emilio Hugues-Salas, Rouzbeh Razavi, Tahmina Ajmal
A video codec is a type of codec that compresses or decompresses a video signal. This compression can be carried out via a device or software. The type of compression will depend on the application. For example, if the application is audio, video, or images, the compression can be lossy. On the other hand, if texts or data files are required to be compressed, a lossless compression must be used (see Chapter 3).
Compression for Digital Cinema
Published in Charles S. Swartz, Understanding Digital Cinema, 2004
For its latest offering MPEG teamed up with the experts group of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) and formed the Joint Video Team (JVT). This team produced a new codec that, in some applications at least, offers about twice the coding efficiency of MPEG-2. The codec is variously known as H.264 (the ITU designation), MPEG-4 Part 10, or the MPEG Advanced Video Codec (AVC).
Webcast Video Production
Published in Steve Mack, Dan Rayburn, Hands-On Guide to Webcasting, 2005
Key frames require a large amount of data to encode, because every pixel must be encoded. Difference frames, on the other hand, can be economicalto encode because only the differences are being encoded. A video codec strikes a balance between key frames and difference frames to keep the average bit rate of the encoded stream constant.
Effects of Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Display Use for Simulated Laparoscopic Surgery
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2023
Yaoyu Fu, Steven D. Schwaitzberg, Lora Cavuoto
The Microsoft HoloLens 1 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) was used as the OST-HMD in this study. The HoloLens 1 has a 2–3 h long battery life (Gsaxner et al., 2023), allowing for untethered use for the whole session. The HoloLens scenario was developed with the Mixed Reality Toolkit (MRTK) v2.00 and Unity3D (2018.4.6f1). The 2D camera feed of the FLS trainer box (laparoscopic view) was transferred to the computer by an RCA cable and an RCA to USB adapter. The primary screen in the HL + HL and HL + M settings was designed as a similar size and distance as the monitor in the M + M setting. The vital signs monitor was developed with Pulse Physical Engine Unity Asset by Kitware (Kitware, Inc., Carrboro, NC, USA). The automatic start/stop of the adverse events and the automatic pauses were written in the C# script. The interactive buttons were developed with the button prefabs in MRTK. The click action corresponded with the Pulse Physical Engine, which allowed the vital signs to change according to the participants’ actions. For settings that used the HoloLens, the final scenario was streamed through Holographic Remoting (Microsoft, 2022) with Wi-Fi. The video codec was H264 (Microsoft, 2023) and the video was collected at 1920 × 1080 resolution.
Optimization enabled deep learning method in container-based architecture of hybrid cloud for portability and interoperability-based application migration
Published in Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 2022
Cloud computing gained the application of enterprises due to several benefits, like convenient nature, simple and less implementation cost. The migration of the cloud is defined as the application migration or services using classical platforms. The cloud has several benefits, like high storage and computing capacity, services diversification. Due to the cloud model, (Zhong et al., 2020) more ventures select to migrate their application or services to the cloud by saving internal resources of network and costs. Thus, cloud data centres host huge services and applications, and attaining optimum resource allocation in cloud data centres is imperative. In the cloud data centre, the goal of allocating resources is to assign resources rationally to users (Benomar et al., 2020). In addition, the goal of Enterprise applications migration to the cloud is to increase the application utility and save local resources of the network (Li et al., 2019). The allocation of resources comes in the class of resources management as it permits the resources to be assigned effectively (Oleghe, 2021). There can be changes in network bandwidth availability over time; therefore, some cloud gaming services utilise adaptation algorithms that alter video codec parameters accordingly. The Adaptation methods utilised by the GeForce NOW service are discussed in Suznjevic et al., (2016).
An FPGA-friendly CABAC-encoding architecture with dataflow modelling programming
Published in The Imaging Science Journal, 2018
Dandan Ding, Fuchang Liu, Honggang Qi, Zhengwei Yao
Since 2004, MPEG has been working on the standardization of RVC to facilitate the deployment of a multi-format video codec design and to enable the possibility of reconfiguring video codecs using a library of standard components [30]. Different from the traditional standards that give the full specification of decoding, the decoding strategy of RVC can be defined by an encoder. As shown in Figure 2, the components are selected from a library and then used to configure an encoding solution. Meanwhile, the configuration description consisting of bitstream syntax description and component network description is output together with video bitstream and they are both transmitted to the decoder side. Entropy coding is a necessary part during this procedure to generate video bitstream.