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A Wearable ECG Sensor for Intelligent Cardiovascular Health Informatics
Published in Teena Bagga, Kamal Upreti, Nishant Kumar, Amirul Hasan Ansari, Danish Nadeem, Designing Intelligent Healthcare Systems, Products, and Services Using Disruptive Technologies and Health Informatics, 2023
Dhanashri H. Gawali, Vijay M. Wadhai, Minakshee Patil, Akshita S. Chanchlani
To make the sensor energy-efficient and of a small size, it is inevitable to use a highly integrated and low-power platform for the system implementation. Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology based programmable system on chip (PSoC) is a highly integrated system with a CPU, analog and digital blocks to configure mixed-signal circuits, and an internal oscillator in a single Integrated Circuit (IC) package [40]. It is equivalent to an ASIC with no fabrication process involved for creation of custom configuration. Also, it resembles field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology, as it gets configured on power-up. Among PSOC device families, a 32-bit three-stage pipelined ARM Cortex-M3 processor–based PSOC-5LP provides wide functionality with low-power performance. Thus, it allows designers to reduce the number of external discrete components and the system size.
Development of programmable system on chip-based weld monitoring system for quality analysis of arc welding process
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2020
Vikas Kumar, S. K Albert, N Chanderasekhar
To design and develop an efficient WPAMS, it is necessary to have an appropriate data acquisition (DAQ) system which can meet all the requirements listed above. But, due to random arc behavior and complex modes of metal transfer, this is a challenging task because, the resultant DAQ system should be capable enough to acquire all the physical variations that happen across the arc in a very short time while welding is in progress. Hence, a Programmable System on Chip (PSoC-5-CY8C5868AX) based platform was used for this purpose. A PSoC is a technique where all the components of electronic circuitry can be designed in a single IC and because of this, whole electronic circuitry can be minimized. Even noise immunity can be improved, which is one of the most important aspects in a welding environment. A PSoC has one microcontroller or microprocessor or a Digital signal processor core. It also has other blocks like Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), and Flash Memory etc. It can have Universal Serial Bus (USB), Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART), a Serial Programming Interface (SPI), and an Ethernet Port. Therefore, PSoC provides a perfect platform to design any welding specific embedded design that needs to be in a single board. To achieve high data throughput two separate Successive Approximation (SAR) types of ADCs were used (for voltage and current sampling) and memory interfacing scheme using 74HC193 4-bit U/D hardware counter with auto-increment addressing scheme was used to access subsequent memory locations as shown in (Figure 1). PSoC Creator 3.3 Integrated Development Environment (IDE) (Cypress 2017) with a C compiler was used for programming the device. In-circuit emulator and development boards were used for testing the functionality of the hardware. Figure 2 (a) shows the motherboard of the developed DAQ system. Figure 2(b) shows the top schematic of PSoC-5 firmware. The PSoC-5 along with programmed software was termed as Weld Pattern Analyzer and Monitoring System (WPAMS).