China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Steady Magnetic Fields
Published in Ahmad Shahid Khan, Saurabh Kumar Mukerji, Electromagnetic Fields, 2020
Ahmad Shahid Khan, Saurabh Kumar Mukerji
Unlike electric charges, magnetic monopoles do not exist. Therefore, we can infer that the total magnetic flux leaving a closed surface is zero. Thus: ∯sB•ds=0
Introductory concepts
Published in Edward J. Rothwell, Michael J. Cloud, Electromagnetics, 2018
Edward J. Rothwell, Michael J. Cloud
In a world filled with symmetry at the fundamental level, we find it hard to understand why there should not be a source from which the magnetic field diverges. We would call such a source magnetic charge, and the most fundamental quantity of magnetic charge would be exhibited by a magnetic monopole. In 1931 Paul Dirac invigorated the search for magnetic monopoles by making the first strong theoretical argument for their existence. Dirac showed that the existence of magnetic monopoles would imply the quantization of electric charge, and would thus provide an explanation for one of the great puzzles of science. Since that time magnetic monopoles have become important players in the “Grand Unified Theories” of modern physics, and in cosmological theories of the origin of the universe.
Introductory concepts
Published in Edward J. Rothwell, Michael J. Cloud, Electromagnetics, 2018
Edward J. Rothwell, Michael J. Cloud
In a world filled with symmetry at the fundamental level, we find it hard to understand why there should not be a source from which the magnetic field diverges. We would call such a source magnetic charge, and the most fundamental quantity of magnetic charge would be exhibited by a magnetic monopole. In 1931 Paul Dirac invigorated the search for magnetic monopoles by making the first strong theoretical argument for their existence. Dirac showed that the existence of magnetic monopoles would imply the quantization of electric charge, and would thus provide an explanation for one of the great puzzles of science. Since that time, magnetic monopoles have become important players in the “Grand Unified Theories" of modern physics, and in cosmological theories of the origin of the universe.
Physics of electromagnetically induced chirality and anti-symmetric wave transmission
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2019
Rafi Ud Din, Xiaodong Zeng, Guo-Qin Ge, M. Suhail Zubairy
Using Equations (1) and (2) in the following equations for P and M the polarization and magnetization induced in the chiral medium are and In the above equations, and are permittivity and permeability of free space while and are electric and magnetic self susceptibilities of the chiral medium. Note the extra terms in the above relations where P and M are shown to be induced, respectively, by magnetic and electric field components. This is a property of magnetoelectric systems, which have also been explored for observation of magnetic monopoles (25–27). These studies reveal that when an electric charge is placed inside or in the vicinity of a magnetoelectric material, there is a divergent magnetic field around the charge, the charge acts as a magnetic monopole. Interestingly, the situation can be described by the usual dynamics with electric charge (field) replaced by magnetic charge (field) satisfying the usual Maxwell's equations. Furthermore, if the material is placed in an external magnetic field, the force acting on the monopole is the same as an electric field acting on a charge. On the other hand, when the material is kept in an external electric field, the monopole experiences an extra force, i.e. the force due to the induced field, together with the force due to the applied field. As a consequence, depending upon the magnitude of the induced force, the total force on the monopole is enhanced or diminished. It depends upon the magnetoelectric response of the material and, therefore, for a same sign of charge, fields of opposite signs can be generated by using opposite magnetoelectric materials. As mentioned by Khomskii, these characteristics lead to unusual effects in transport properties of the system (25).