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Electrical Supply and Installations
Published in Fred Hall, Roger Greeno, Building Services Handbook, 2017
Alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) transformers – also known as adapters, inverters and converters depending on the application and use. For construction site purposes, the two main advantages are the safety feature of a reduced mains voltage in hand held tools and where tools feature a charged battery/power pack, they can be used in isolation without trailing leads. Electric arc welding units and other fairly heavy equipment require a 230 volt AC mains connection. Transformed output is usually about 50 volts DC but can be AC depending on manufacturer’s specification. Arcing current is variable, usually between 100 and 200 amps. Inverter type arc welders have a comparatively small transformer. In relative terms this reduces unit weight, size and heat energy losses. Inverters use switched mode power supplies (SMPSs). A process of rectifying voltage to a switching circuit that contains a high frequency transformer outputing DC. For practical purposes this is usually preferred to the fluctuating characteristic of AC output.
High Manufacturing Technology
Published in Abdul Al-Azzawi, Advanced Manufacturing for Optical Fibers and Integrated Photonic Devices, 2017
An adapter is a passive device used to join two different types of connectors together. The type of adapter is identified by a nomenclature, such as SC, FC, ST, and 568SC. Hybrid adapters join dissimilar connectors together, such as SC to FA. Figure 5.31 shows examples of some adapters.
Fibre-Optic Connectors
Published in Abdul Al-Azzawi, Photonics, 2017
An adapter is a passive device used to join two different types of connectors together. The type of adapter is identified by a nomenclature, such as SC, FC, ST, or 568SC. Hybrid adapters join dissimilar connectors together, such as SC to FA. Figure 26.5 shows examples of some adapters.
Developing an IoT-based electrochromic windows for smart buildings
Published in Advances in Building Energy Research, 2023
Ali Khatibi, Mohammad Hossein Jahangir, Fatemeh Razi Astaraei
The CS was used to control the transparency status of the used ECL. One CS is usually an electromechanical device that typically is managed by a software. In this study, a Raspberry Pi Zero W (RPi ZW) mini-computer, some relays, some fans, and a power supply were used as the CS. Additionally, the used CS had a few sensors connected to it. The main task of the CS was to organize the connection between the ECLs and sensors. The power supply was an adapter connected the grid or it can connect to the renewable resources. In the built ISEW, all connections between the RPi ZW and the used sensors or ECLs were implemented by General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) ports. Each CS could connect many separate zones of the building so that each zone could have separate ECLs and sensors. Furthermore, the used ECLs needed a higher voltage to operate than the output voltage of GPIO ports. As a result, a few relays, one for each ECL, had to be employed among the power lines. The conceptual layout of the studied ISEW is represented in Figure 4-I. Also, an image of the built CS is shown in Figure 4-II.
Device profile of the heartware HVAD system as a bridge-to-transplantation in patients with advanced heart failure: overview of its safety and efficacy
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Silvia Mariani, Jasmin Sarah Hanke, Tong Li, Ali Saad Merzah, Anamika Chatterjee, Ezin Deniz, Axel Haverich, Jan D. Schmitto, Günes Dogan
The HVAD external system includes a microprocessor controller unit, a monitor and lithium-ion batteries. The controller hosts a liquid crystal display which regularly demonstrates flow rate, pump speed, power consumption and, when needed, the alarm lights. The controller is constantly connected to a power supply and it always requires two power sources for safe operation: either two batteries, or one battery and an AC adapter or DC adapter. Each battery contains lithium-ion cells to power the HVAD pump for 4–6 hours when fully charged. The capacity of each battery is based on the pump operating power consumption and the number of battery charge and discharge cycles. The batteries are supposed to have a useful operating life of more than 500 charge and discharge cycles and they should be changed if they support the pump for less than 2 hours. An additional battery inside the controller ensures power support when the external batteries are about to end. The controller and the batteries fit into a patient pack which is used to host and protect the external parts of the HVAD. The patient can freely use it while sleeping, moving and during all day activity. The pump controller is designed to be connected to a touch screen monitor used to display system performance and to allow clinicians to adjust selected parameters (e.g. alarm limits, setting of the pump speed, the setting of blood viscosity, etc.).
Resonance analysis of opposed piston linear compressor for refrigerator application
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2019
Suneeta Phadkule, Sohel Inamdar, Asif Inamdar, Amit Jomde, Virendra Bhojwani
For achieving the resonance condition the natural frequency of the moving mass should be known, for measuring the natural frequency fast Fourier transformation (FFT) tests were conducted. The FFT analysis set-up consists of the following components, AccelerometerAdapterImpact hammerFFT analyzer (8 channels)Laptop (DEWESOFT installed)USB cable connection for the laptopPower supply adapter