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Published in Philip A. Laplante, Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, 2018
argument (1) an address or value that is passed to a procedure or function call, as a way of communicating cleanly across procedure/function boundaries. (2) a piece of data given to a hardware operator block. arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) a combinational logic circuit that can perform basic arithmetic and logical operations on n-bit binary operands. arithmetic coding a method (due to Elias, Pasco, Rissanen and others) for lossless data compression. This incremental coding algorithm works efficiently for long block lengths and achieves an average length within one bit of the entropy for the block. The name comes from the fact that the method utilizes the structures of binary expansions of the real numbers in the unit interval. arithmetic instruction a machine instruction that performs computation, such as addition or multiplication. arithmetic operation any of the following operations and combination thereof: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.
Simple System Design Techniques
Published in A. Arockia Bazil Raj, FPGA-Based Embedded System Developer's Guide, 2018
Some of the commercially available digital single-package ICs, such as the TTL74LS85 or CMOS4063, can be used as 4-bit magnitude comparators. These ICs have additional input terminals that allow the individual comparators to be cascaded together to compare words larger than 4 bits; hence, magnitude comparators of n bits can be designed. These cascading designs can be used to compare 8, 16, 32, or even more bits. Digital comparators are used widely in analog to digital converters (ADCs) and ALUs to perform a variety of arithmetic and signal-processing operations.
The CPU
Published in Mike Tooley, Aircraft Digital Electronic and Computer Systems, 2023
As its name suggests, the ALU performs arithmetic and logic operations. The ALU has two inputs (in this case these are both 8 bits wide). One of these inputs is derived from the accumulator while the other is taken from the internal data bus via a temporary register (not shown in Figure 7.1). The operations provided by the ALU usually include addition, subtraction, logical AND, logical OR, logical exclusive-OR, shift left, shift right, etc. The result of most ALU operations appears in the accumulator.
A Novel Slice-Based High-Performance ALU Design Using Prospective Single Electron Transistor
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Rashmit Patel, Yash Agrawal, Rutu Parekh
The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is the basic building block of any computing system that performs arithmetic (addition, subtraction, and multiplication) and logic (ANDing, ORing, EX-ORing, complement, rotate left, and rotate right) operations using combination elements. In traditional ways, there are standard ICs available in TTL and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic families that perform these arithmetic and logic functions [8,9]. These ICs can be connected in cascade to perform arithmetic and logic operations for a larger number of bits. However, the performance of conventional TTL and CMOS-based ALU is constrained by speed, power, size, and volume. The other ALU designs are effectively discussed and presented in [10–18]. To meet next-generation requirements like higher speed, lower power, and volume, high-end SET-based ALU is an effective solution and henceforth considered in this paper.
Based on FS-GDI Approach with 65 nm Technology: Low Power ALU Design
Published in International Journal of Electronics, 2023
Mohsen A. M. El-Bendary, F. Amer
The ALU is a combinational circuit that performs a set of basic arithmetic and logic operations. It has a few selection lines used to determine the operation to be performed. The selection lines are decoded within the ALU so that k selection lines can specify up to distinct operations. The basic components of ALU unit is given in Figure 5.